Abstract
The effect of the additive KCl, on the structural, microstructural, and polar properties of bismuth vanadate (BiV) ceramics is investigated. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies reveal a remarkable modification in the microstructure and the occurrence of high grain-orientation (75%) on KCl addition. The energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analyses indicate the presence of chemically inhomogeneous distribution of KCl, with core-shell-like grain structure. The KCl-modified BiV samples exhibit a broad and depressed phase transition, with no frequency dispersion, as a result of the increased internal stress and the formation of core-shell-like grain structure. Significant anisotropies are observed in the dielectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric responses of these grain-oriented ceramic samples. These samples are characterized by near rectangular ferroelectric hysteresis loops, with a significant anisotropy in the Pr (Pr┴/Pr∥ = 2.43, at 300 K) and Ec (Ec∥/Ec┴= 2.22, at 300 K) values between the directions parallel and perpendicular to the cold-pressing axis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. A. Bush and Yu. N. Venevtsev, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 31 (5), 769 (1986).
V. G. Osipyan, L. M. Savchenko, V. L. Elbakyan, and P. B. Avakyan, Inorg. Mat. 23, 467 (1987).
V. N. Borisov, Yu. M. Poplavko, P. B. Avakyan, and V. G. Osipyan, Sov. Phys. Solid State 30 (5), 904 (1988).
K.B.R. Varma, G.N. Subbanna, T.N. Guru Row, and C.N.R. Rao, J. Mater. Res. 5, 2718 (1990).
K. V. R. Prasad and K. B. R. Varma, J. Mater. Sci. 30, 6345 (1995).
K. V. R. Prasad and K. B. R. Varma, Mater. Chem. Phys. 38, 406 (1994).
F. Abraham, M. F. Debreuille Gresse, G. Mairesse, and G. Nowogrocki, Solid State Ionics 28–30, 529 (1988).
J. B. Goodenough, A. Manthiram, M. Paranthaman, and Y. S. Zhen, Solid State Ionics 52, 105 (1992).
K. Shantha, S. Phillip, and K. B. R. Varma, Mater. Chem. Phys. 48 (48), (1997).
K. Shantha and K. B. R. Varma, J. Mater. Chem. 7 (8), 1565 (1997).
T. Takenaka and K. Sakata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 19 (1), 31 (1980).
H. Igarashi, K. Matsunaga, T. Tanai, and K. Ogazaki, Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 57 (9), 815 (1978).
K. Sakata, T. Takenaka, and K. Shoji, Ferroelectrics 22, 825 (1978).
F. K. Lotgering, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 9, 113 (1959).
R. L. Byer and C. B. Roundy, Ferroelectrics 3, 333 (1972).
W. D. Kingery, H. K. Bowen, and D. R. Uhlmann, Introduction to Ceramics (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1976).
C. F. Yang, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 3548 (1997).
Q. Tan, Z. Xu, J. F. Li, and D. Viehland, J. Appl. Phys. 80, 5866 (1996).
Q. Tan, J. F. Li, and D. Viehland, Philos. Mag. B 76 (1), 59 (1997).
K. V. R. Prasad, Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Science (1994).
L. E. Cross, Ferroelectrics 151, 305 (1994).
K. Uchino and S. Nimura, Ferroelectrics Lett. 44, 55 (1982).
B. Jimenez, J. De Frutos, and C. Alemany, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 48 (10), 877 (1987).
W.K. Choo and M.H. Lee, J. Appl. Phys. 53, 7355 (1982).
T.R. Armstrong and R.C. Buchanan, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73 (5), 1268 (1990).
Y. Park and S. A. Song, Mater. Sci. Eng. B47, 28 (1997).
G. Mairesse, Fast Ion Transport in Solids, edited by B. Scrosati (Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, 1993), p. 271.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shantha, K., Varma, K.B.R. Dielectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric anisotropy in KCl-modified grain-oriented bismuth vanadate ceramics. Journal of Materials Research 14, 476–486 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1999.0068
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1999.0068