Abstract
Many transformations which can be achieved without error on classical bit cannot be perfectly implemented on qubit, the quantum analogue of a bit, i.e. the fidelities of these processes have an upper bound. The machines that reach these bounds are called optimal. Here we report an experimental realization of two of these devices: the universal-NOT gate and the optimal quantum cloning of N=1 input qubit into M=2 output qubits by a quantum-injected optical parametric amplifier.
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De Martini, F., Sias, C. & Sciarrino, F. Experimental implementation of optimal quantum machines. Acta Phys. Hung. B 20, 3–6 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1556/APH.20.2004.1-2.2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/APH.20.2004.1-2.2