Abstract
Photoperiodism is important for seasonal adaptation in insects. Although photoreceptors and endocrine outputs for photoperiodism have been investigated, its neural mechanisms are less studied. This paper proposes three groups of neurons involved in photoperiodic control of adult diapause in the blow fly. Protophormia terraenovae. Ablation experiments showed that pars lateralis neurons in the dorsal protocerebrum are important for diapause induction under short-days and low temperature, the pars intercer-ebralis neurons for ovarian development under long-days and high temperature. When regions containing pigment-dispersing factor and PERIOD immunoreactive s-LNvs were bilaterally ablated, flies became arrhythmic in locomotor activities, and did not discriminate photoperiod for diapause induction, suggesting that s-LNvs are important for circadian rhythm and photoperiodism. In the s-LNvs, PERIOD-immunoreactivity in the nucleus was highest at 12 h after lights-off and lowest 12 h after lights-on regardless of photoperiod. Thus, as in D. melanogaster, it is possible that PERIOD nuclear translocation entrains to photoperiod, and day-length information seems to be encoded in s-LNvs. Immuno-electronmicroscopy revealed synaptic connections from s-LNvs to the pars lateralis neurons, suggesting that circadian clock neurons, s-LNvs, are involved in time measurements and may synaptically signal day-length information to the pars lateralis neurons.
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Presented during the 12th ISIN Symposium on Invertebrate Neurobiology, August 31–September 4, 2011, Tihany, Hungary.
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Shiga, S. Plausible Neural Circuitry for Photoperiodism in the Blow Fly, Protophormia Terraenovae. BIOLOGIA FUTURA 63 (Suppl 2), 36–47 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.63.2012.Suppl.2.3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.63.2012.Suppl.2.3