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Cereal Research Communications

, Volume 44, Issue 3, pp 381–392 | Cite as

Hydroponic Culturing Upregulates Sucrose and Glutamine Metabolism by Enhancing Their Utilization via Intermediates of Aerobic Pathway in Wheat

  • B. Kaur
  • B. AsthirEmail author
Physiology
First Online:

Abstract

Two wheat genotypes were grown in hydroponic culture, containing 4 mM KNO3, NH4Cl and NH4NO3. Activities of N metabolizing enzymes, aminotransferases, carbohydrate and TCA cycle enzymes were analyzed along with protein, amino acid, N, sugar content and growth parameters in shoot and root. After 12 days, the size of shoot and root system decreased significantly when plants were supplied with NH4Cl as exclusive N source. Under NH4NO3 growth parameters, N and carbon metabolism were elevated as compared to NH4Cl but less than KNO3 source indicating inhibition of NH4+ toxicity by NO3− uptake. Our results suggested that GDH, aminotransferases and PEPC play an important role in ammonium detoxification by its incorporation into amino acids. Thus, the morphologic differences among plants growing in NH4+ or NO3− nutrition confirm the hypothesis that N source determines the growth habit of plant in wheat by modulating the endogenous levels of protein and sugar content.

Keywords

nitrogen carbon hydroponics wheat genotypes 

Abbreviations

2-OG

2-oxoglutarate

GDH

glutamate dehydrogenase

GOGAT

glutamate synthase

GOT

glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase

GPT

glutamate pyruvate transaminase

GS

glutamine synthetase

ICDH

isocitrate dehydrogenase

MDH

malate dehydrogenase

NR

nitrate reductase

PEPC

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

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Hydroponic Culturing Upregulates Sucrose and Glutamine Metabolism by Enhancing Their Utilization via Intermediates of Aerobic Pathway in Wheat

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© Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 2016

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of BiochemistryPunjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana, PunjabIndia

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