References
Leskov G I and Zhivaga L I: 'Special features of electron beam welding ferromagnetic materials'. Avt Svarka 1981 (11) 30–40.
Panfilov A P etal: 'Electron beam welding of steels with remanent magnetisation'. In: 'Proceedings of the Eighth na-tional conference on electron beam welding'. Publ Moscow Energy Institute Moscow 1983 60–76.
Farman M etal: 'The origin and influence of residual magnet-ism on the electron beam welding of 18 % Ni maraging steel'. Materials and Design 1988 9 (5) 263–274.
Nazarenko O K: 'The deflection of the electron beam in elec-tron beam welding'. Avt Svarka 1982 (1) 33–39.
Blakeley P and Sanderson A: 'The origin and effect of mag-netic fields in electron beam welding'. The Welding Journal 1984 63 (1) 42–49.
Kihara H etal: 'Development d'une methode permittant d'eliminer la deflexion du faisceau du au magnetisme remanent des toles de forte epaiseeun'. Soudage et Techniques Connexes 1987 41 (5–6) 207–214.
Lopatenko A P etal: 'The effect of remanent magnetism on the formation of a welded joint in electron beam welding low-alloy steel'. Publ Moscow Energy Institute No 137 1987 29–32.
Evgrafov N N etal: 'The effect of remanent magnetism of 1Kh2M steel on electron beam weld tube plate-tube joints'.In: Proceedings of the Eighth national conference on elec-tron beam welding'. Publ Moscow Energy Institute Moscow 1983 49–51.
Bakunov A S etal: 'New equipment for measuring magnetic fields'. Defektoskopiya 2000 (8) 18–21.
Hoks P and Casper E: 'Fundamentals of electron optics'. Trans-lated from the English, in two volumes, Publ Mir Moscow 1993 34–36.
Volchenko V N etal: 'Theory of welding processes'. A textbook for higher technical schools Publ Vysshaya shkola Moscow 1988 208–211.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hirata, Y. Pulsed arc welding. Welding International 17, 98–115 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1533/wint.2003.3075
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1533/wint.2003.3075