Abstract
By using an abstract critical point result for differentiable and parametric functionals due to B. Ricceri, we establish the existence of infinitely many classical solutions for fractional differential equations subject to boundary value conditions and impulses. More precisely, we determine some intervals of parameters such that the treated problems admit either an unbounded sequence of solutions, provided that the nonlinearity has a suitable oscillatory behaviour at infinity, or a pairwise distinct sequence of solutions that strongly converges to zero if a similar behaviour occurs at zero. No symmetric condition on the nonlinear term is assumed. Two examples are then given.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G.A. Afrouzi, A. Hadjian, V. Rădulescu, Variational analysis for Dirichlet impulsive differential equations with oscillatory nonlinearity. Port. Math. 70, No 3 (2013), 225–242.
G.A. Afrouzi, A. Hadjian, V. Rădulescu, Variational approach to fourth-order impulsive differential equations with two control parameters. Results Math. 65, No 3-4 (2014), 371–384.
R. Agarwal, S. Hristova, D. O’Regan, A Survey of Lyapunov functions, stability and impulsive Caputo fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 19, No 2 (2016), 290–318; DOI: 10.1515/fca-2016-0017; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2016.19.issue-2/issue-files/fca.2016.19.issue-2.xml.
R. Agarwal, S. Hristova, D. O’Regan, Non-instantaneous impulses in Caputo fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 20, No 3 (2017), 595–622; DOI: 10.1515/fca-2017-0032; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2017.20.issue-3/issue-files/fca.2017.20.issue-3.xml.
R. Agarwal, S. Hristova, D. O’Regan, Some stability properties related to initial time difference for Caputo fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 21, No 1 (2018), 72–93; DOI: 10.1515/fca-2018-0005; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2018.21.issue-1/issue-files/fca.2018.21.issue-1.xml.
D. Averna, S. Tersian, E. Tornatore, On the existence and multiplicity of solutions for Dirichlet’s problem for fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 19, No 1 (2016), 253–266; DOI: 10.1515/fca-2016-0014; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2016.19.issue-1/issue-files/fca.2016.19.issue-1.xml.
C. Bai, Existence of solutions for a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem via a local minimum theorem. Electron. J. Differential Equations 2012, No 176 (2012), 1–9.
G. Bonanno, B. Di Bella, J. Henderson, Existence of solutions to second-order boundary-value problems with small perturbations of impulses. Electron. J. Differential Equations 2013, No 126 (2013), 1–14.
G. Bonanno, S.A. Marano, On the structure of the critical set of non-differentiable functions with a weak compactness condition. Appl. Anal. 89, No 1 (2010), 1–10.
G. Bonanno, R. Rodríguez-López, S. Tersian, Existence of solutions to boundary value problem for impulsive fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 17, No 3 (2014), 717–744; DOI: 10.2478/s13540-014-0196-y; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2014.17.issue-3/issue-files/fca.2014.17.issue-3.xml.
J. Chen, X.H. Tang, Existence and multiplicity of solutions for some fractional boundary value problem via critical point theory. Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2012, (2012), Article ID 648635, (21 p.).
A.M.A. El-Sayed, Nonlinear functional differential equations of arbitrary orders. Nonlinear Anal. 33, No 2 (1998), 181–186.
M. Ferrara, G. Molica Bisci, Remarks for one-dimensional fractional equations. Opuscula Math. 34, No 4 (2014), 691–698.
M. Galewski, G. Molica Bisci, Existence results for one-dimensional fractional equations. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 39, No 6 (2016), 1480–1492.
P.K. George, A.K. Nandakumaran, A. Arapostathis, A note on controllability of impulsive systems. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 241, No 2 (2000), 276–283.
S. Heidarkhani, Multiple solutions for a nonlinear perturbed fractional boundary value problem. Dynam. Systems Appl. 23, No 1 (2014), 317–332.
S. Heidarkhani, Infinitely many solutions for nonlinear perturbed fractional boundary value problems. An. Univ. Craiova Ser. Mat. Inform. 41, No 1 (2014), 88–103.
F. Jiao, Y. Zhou, Existence of solutions for a class of fractional boundary value problems via critical point theory. Comput. Math. Appl. 62, No 3 (2011), 1181–1199.
F. Jiao, Y. Zhou, Existence results for fractional boundary value problem via critical point theory. Internat. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Engrg. 22, No 4 (2012), 1–17.
A.A. Kilbas, H.M. Srivastava, J.J. Trujillo, Theory and Applications of Fractional Differential Equations, North-Holland Mathematics Studies, Vol. 204, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam (2006).
A.A. Kilbas, J.J. Trujillo, Differential equations of fractional order: methods, results and problems. I. Appl. Anal. 78, No 1-2 (2001), 153–192.
A.A. Kilbas, J.J. Trujillo, Differential equations of fractional order: methods, results and problems. II. Appl. Anal. 81, No 2 (2002), 435–493.
A. Krist’aly, V. Rădulescu, Cs. Varga, Variational Principles in Mathematical Physics, Geometry, and Economics: Qualitative Analysis of Nonlinear Equations and Unilateral Problems, Encyclopedia of Math. and its Appl., No 136, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge (2010).
V. Lakshmikantham, D.D. Bainov, P.S. Simeonov, Theory of Impulsive Differential Equations, Ser. in Modern Applied Mathematics, Vol. 6, World Scientific, Teaneck, NJ (1989).
J. Mawhin, M. Willem, Critical Point Theory and Hamiltonian Systems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1989).
J. Nieto, D. O’Regan, Variational approach to impulsive differential equations. Nonlinear Anal. Real World Appl. 10, No 2 (2009), 680–690.
N. Nyamoradi, R. Rodríguez-López, On boundary value problems for impulsive fractional differential equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 271, (2015), 874–892.
R. Rodríguez-López, S. Tersian, Multiple solutions to boundary value problem for impulsive fractional differential equations. Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 17, No 4 (2014), 1016–1038; DOI: 10.2478/s13540-014-0212-2; https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/fca.2014.17.issue-4/issue-files/fca.2014.17.issue-4.xml.
B. Ricceri, A general variational principle and some of its applications. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 113, No 1-2 (2000), 401–410.
M. Rivero, J.J. Trujillo, L. Vázquez, M.P. Velasco, Fractional dynamics of populations. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, (2011), 1089–1095.
A.M. Samoilenko, N.A. Perestyuk, Impulsive Differential Equations. World Scientific, Singapore (1995).
J. Shen, J. Li, Existence and global attractivity of positive periodic solutions for impulsive predator-prey model with dispersion and time delays. Nonlinear Anal. Real World Appl. 10, No 1 (2009), 227–243.
H.-R. Sun, Q.-G. Zhang, Existence of solutions for a fractional boundary value problem via the mountain pass method and an iterative technique. Comput. Math. Appl. 64, No 10 (2012), 3436–3443.
J. Xiao, J.J. Nieto, Variational approach to some damped Dirichlet nonlinear impulsive differential equations. J. Franklin Inst. 348, No 2 (2011), 369–377.
J. Zhou, Y. Li, Existence and multiplicity of solutions for some Dirichlet problems with impulsive effects. Nonlinear Anal. 71, No 7-8 (2009), 2856–2865.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Afrouzi, G.A., Hadjian, A. A variational approach for boundary value problems for impulsive fractional differential equations. FCAA 21, 1565–1584 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1515/fca-2018-0082
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/fca-2018-0082