Summary
The clinically relevant transmittance digital microscopy (TDM) and photothermal (PA)/photoacoustic (PT) in vivo flow cytometry platform for blood and lymph cell analysis in flows is described. PA/PT techniques allowing for identification of non-fluorescent cells with different natural absorptive properties, such as counting of white blood cells (WBCs) in blood flow or rare red blood cells (RBCs) in lymph flow, are presented and their applicability for investigation of pathologic conditions is discussed. The capability of these techniques to detect cancer cells and small bodies in blood and lymph streams, such as platelets, chylomicrons, and bacteria, is demonstrated. Advantages of non-invasive TDM/PT/PA in vivo flow cytometry that include the possibility to measure flow velocity without the help of any probes, labels or scattering effects, to study cell-cell interactions in flows (cell aggregation, deformability, rolling, etc.) and cellular responses to the impact of different environmental agents (e.g., drugs, laser and γ-radiation) are analyzed.
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Reproduced from Proceedings of the International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”, Course 181, Microscopy Applied to Biophotonics, edited by F.S. Pavone, P.T.C. So and P.M.W. French (IOS Press, Amsterdam and SIF, Bologna) 2014, pp. 95–139.
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Tuchin, V.V. In vivo optical flow cytometry and cell imaging. Riv. Nuovo Cim. 37, 375–416 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1393/ncr/i2014-10102-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1393/ncr/i2014-10102-x