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Making, probing and understanding ultracold Fermi gases

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La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento Aims and scope

Abstract

This paper summarizes the experimental frontier of ultracold fermionic gases. It is based on three lectures which one of the authors gave at the Varenna Summer School describing the experimental techniques used to study ultracold fermionic gases, and some of the results obtained so far. In many ways, the area of ultracold fermionic gases has grown out of the study of Bose-Einstein condensates. After their first experimental realizations in 1995 [1,2], the field of BEC has grown explosively. Most of the explored physics was governed by mean-field interactions, conveniently described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. One novel feature of trapped inhomogeneous gases was the spatially varying density, that allowed for the direct observation of the condensate, but also led to new concepts of surface effects and collective excitations which depended on the shape of the cloud. The experimental and theoretical explorations of these and other features have been a frontier area for a whole decade!

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Acknowledgments

Work on ultracold fermions at MIT has been a tremendous team effort, and we are grateful to the past and present collaborators who have shared both the excitement and the hard work: J. R. Abo-Shaeer, J. K. Chin, K. Dieckmann, A. Görlitz, S. Gupta, Z. Hadzibabic, A. J. Kerman, Y. Liu, D. E. Miller, S. M. F. Raupach, C. Sanner, A. Schirotzek, C. H. Schunck, W. Setiawan, Y.-I. Shin, C. A. Stan, and K. Xu. We also acknowledge the fruitful interactions with our colleagues in this rich and exciting field, and we want to thank the organizers and participants of the Varenna summer school for the stimulating atmosphere. We are grateful to r. Gommers, a. Keshet, c. Sanner, a. Schirotzek, Y.-I. Shin, C. H. schunok and w. Zwerger for comments on the manuscript. we want to thank the national science foundation, the office of naval research, nasa, the army research office, darpa, and the david and lucile packard foundation for their encouragement and financial support of this work during the past eight years.

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  1. Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    W. Ketterle & M. W. Zwierlein

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Ketterle, W., Zwierlein, M.W. Making, probing and understanding ultracold Fermi gases. Riv. Nuovo Cim. 31, 247–422 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1393/ncr/i2008-10033-1

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