Abstract
Neuregulins (NRG) play important roles in the development, maintenance, and repair of the nervous system, with influences on neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, receptor subunit composition, and the proliferation/survival of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. However, the precise detail of how the NRGs signal through ErbB receptors, particularly at central synapses, is incomplete. The receptor kinase domain provides sites for association with adaptor proteins. In addition, evidence from recent reports suggests that ErbB2/4 receptors, through their C-terminal amino acids, can form specific associations with scaffolding proteins. The existence of such assemblies expands the range of signaling cascades available to the NRGs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lemke G. E. (1996) Neuregulins in development. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 7, 247–262.
Van Zoelen E. J. J., Stortelers C., Lenferink A. E. G. and Van De Poll M. L. M. (2000) The EGF domain: requirements for binding to receptors of the ErbB family. Vitam. Horm. 59, 99–131.
Liu X., Hwang H., Cao L., Wen D., Liu N., Graham R. M. and Zhou M. (1998) Release of the neuregulin functional polypeptide requires its cytoplasmic tail. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 34,335–34,340.
Peles E., Ben-Levy R., Tzahar E., Liul N., Wen D. and Yarden Y. (1993) Cell-type specific interaction of Neu differentiation factor (NDF/heregulin) with Neu/HER-2 suggests complex ligand-receptor relationships. EMBO J. 12, 961–971.
Lemke G. E. and Brockes J. P. (1984) Identification and purification of glial growth factor. J. Neurosci. 4, 75–83.
Falls D. L., Rosen K. M., Corfas G., Lane W. S. and Fischbach G. D. (1939). ARIA, a protein that stimulates acetylcholine receptor synthesis, is a member of the neu ligand family. Cell 72, 801–815.
Ho W.-H., Armanini M. P., Nuijens A., Phillips H. S. and Osheroff P. L. (1995) Sensory and motor neuron-derived factor. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14,523–14,532.
Holmes W. E., Sliwkowski M. X., Akita R. W., Henzel W. J., Lee J., Park J. W., et al. (1992) Identification of heregulin, a specific activator of p185ErbB2. Science 256, 1205–1210.
Adlkofer K. and Lai C. (2000) Role of neuregulins in glial cell development. Glia 29, 104–111.
Chen M. S., Bermingham-McDonogh O., Danehy F. T., Nolan C., Scherer S. S., Lucas J., et al. (1994) Expression of multiple neuregulin transcripts in postnatal rat brains. J. Comp. Neurol. 349, 389–400.
Corfas G., Rosen K. M., Aratake H., Krauss R. and Fischbach G. D. (1995) Differential expression of ARIA isoforms in the rat brain. Neuron 14, 103–115.
Meyer D. and Birchmeier C. (1994) Distinct isoforms of neurgeulin are expressed in mesenchymal and neuronal cells during mouse development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1064–1068.
Meyer D., Yamaai T., Garratt A., Riethmacher-Sonnenberg E., Kane D., Theill L. E. and Birchmeier C. (1997) Isoform-specific expression and function of neuroegulin. Development 124, 3575–3586.
Van der Geer P., Hunter T. and Lindberg R. A. (1994) Receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and their signal transduction pathways. Annu. Rev. Cell. Biol. 10, 251–337.
Yarden Y. and Sliwkowski M. X. (2001) Untangling the ErbB signaling network. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 127–137.
Olayioye M. A., Neve R. M., Lane H. A. and Hynes N. E. (2000) The ErbB signaling network: receptor heterodimerization in development and cancer. EMBO J. 19, 3159–3167.
Beerli R. R. and Hynes N. E. (1996) Epidermal growth factor-related peptides activate distinct subsets of ErbB receptors and differ in their biological activities. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 6071–6076.
Pinkas-Kramarski R., Shelly M., Glathe S., Ratzkin B. J. and Yarden Y. (1996) Neu differentiation factor/neuregulin isoforms activate distinct receptor combinations. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 19029–19032.
Jones J. T., Akita R. W., and Sliwkowski M. X. (1999) Binding specificities and affinities of egf domains for ErbB receptors. FEBS Lett. 447, 227–231.
Sliwkowski M. X., Schaefer G., Akita R. W., Lofgren J. A., Fitzpatrick V. D., Nuijens A., et al. (1994) Coexpression of ErbB2 and ErbB3 proteins reconstitutes a high affinity receptor for heregulin. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 14661–14665.
Olayioye M. A., Graus-Porta D., Beerli R. R., Rohrer J., Gay B., and Hynes N. E. (1998) ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 acquired distinct signaling properties dependent upon their dimerization partner. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5042–5051.
Tzahar E., Waterman H., Chen X., Levkowitz G., Karunagaran D., Lavi S., et al. (1996) A hierarchical network of interreceptor interactions determines signal transduction by neu differentiation factor/neuregulin and epidermal growth factor. Mol. Cell Biol. 16, 5276–5287.
Riese D. J., van Raaij T. M., Plowman G. D., Andrews G. C., and Stern D. F. (1995) The cellular response to neuregulins is governed by complex interactions of the ErbB receptor family. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 5770–5776.
Sundaresan S., Roberts P. E., King K. L., Slilwkowski M. X., and Mather J. P. (1998) Biological response to ErbB ligands in nontransformed cell lines correlates with a specific pattern of receptor expression. Endocrinol. 139, 4756–4764.
Vijapurkar U., Kim H.-H., and Koland J. G. (1999) The ErbB3/HER3 receptor protein: signaling mechanism and biologic function. Curr. Top. Biochem. Res. 1, 37–57.
Buonanno A. and Fischbach G. D. (2001) Neuregulin and ErbB receptor signaling pathways in the nervous system. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 11, 287–296.
Meyer D. and Birchmeier C. (1995) Multiple essential functions of neuregulin in development. Nature 378, 386–389.
Eilam R., Pinkas-Kramarski R., Ratzkin B. J., Segal M., and Yarden Y. (1998) Activity dependent regulation of Neu differentiation factor/neuregulin expression in rat brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 1888–1893.
Pinkas-Kramarski R., Eilam R., Spiegler O., Lavi S., Liu N., Chang D., et al. (1994) Brain neurons and glial cells express Neu differentiation factor/heregulin: a survival factor for astrocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 9387–9391.
Pinkas-Kramarski R., Eilam R., Alroy I., Levkowitz G., Lonai P., and Yarden Y. (1997) Differential expression of NDG/neuregulin receptors ErbB-3 and ErbB-4 and involvement in inhibition of neuronal differentiation. Oncogene 15, 2803–2815.
Gilbertson R. J., Clifford S. C., MacMeekin W., Wright C., Perry R. H., Kelly P., et al. (1998) Expression of the ErbB-neuregulin signaling network during human cerebellar development: implications for the biology of medulloblastoma. Cancer Res. 58, 3932–3941.
Raabbe T. D., Clive D. R., Neuberger T. J., Wen D., and De Vries G. H. (1996) Cultured neonatal Schwann cells contain and secrete neuregulins. J. Neurosci. Res. 46, 263–270.
Raabbe T. D., Clive D. R., Wen D., and De Vries G. H. (1997) Neonatal oligodenodrocytes contain and secrete neuregulins. J. Neurochem. 69, 1859–1863.
Deadwyler G. D., Pouly S., Antel J. P., and Devries G. H. (2000) Neuregulins and ErbB receptor expression in adult human oligodendrocytes. Glia 32, 304–312.
Francis A., Raabbe T. D., Wen D., and De Vries G. H. (1999) Neuregulins and ErbB receptors in cultured neonatal astrocytes. J. Neurosci. Res. 57, 487–494.
Tokita Y., Keino H., Matsui F., Aono S., Ishiguro H., Higashiyama S., and Oohira A. (2001) Regulation of neuregulin expression in the injured rat brain and cultured astrocytes. J. Neurosci. 21, 1257–1264.
Carraway III K. L. and Sweeney C. (2001) Localization and modulation of ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases. Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 13, 125–130.
Chang H., Riese D. J., Gilbert W., Stern D. F., and McMahan U. J. (1997) Ligands for ErbB family receptors encoded by a neuregulin-like gene. Nature 387, 509–512.
Higashiyama S., Horikawa M., Yamada K., Ichino N., Nakano N., Nakagawa T., et al. (1997) A novel brain-derived member of the epidermal growth factor family that interacts with ErbB3 and ErbB4. J. Biochem. 122, 675–680.
Crovello C. S., Lai C., Cantley L. C., and Carraway K. L. (1998) Differential signaling by the epidermal growth factor-like growth factors neuregulin-1 and neuregulin-2. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 26,954–26,961.
Zhang D., Sliwkowski M. X., Mark M., Frantz G., Akita R., Sun Y., et al. (1997) Neuregulin-3 (NRG3): a novel neural tissue-enriched protein that binds and activates ErbB4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 9562–9567.
Harari D., Tzahar E., Romano J., Shelly M., Pierce J. H., Andrews G. C., and Yarden Y. (1999) Neuregulin-4: a novel growth factor that acts through the ErbB-4 receptor tyrosine kinase. Oncogene 18, 2681–2689.
Kornblum H. I., Yanni D. S., Easterday M. C., and Seroogy K. B. (2000) Expression of the EGF receptor family members ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 in germinal zones of the developing brain and in neurosphere cultures containing CNS stem cells. Dev. Neurosci. 22, 16–24.
Ozaki M., Kishigami S. and Yano R. (1998) Expression of receptors for neuregulins, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4, in developing mouse cerebellum. Neurosci. Res. 30, 351–354.
Lee K-F., Simon H., Chen H., Bates B., Hung M-C., and Hauser C. (1995) Requirement for neuregulin receptor ErbB2 in neural and cardiac development. Nature 378, 394–398.
Riethmacher D., Sonnenberg-Riethmacher E., Brinkmann V., Yamaai T., Lewin G. R. and Birchmeier C. (1997) Severe neuropathies in mice with targeted mutations in the ErbB3 receptor. Nature 389, 725–730.
Gassmann M., Casagranda F., Orioli D., Simon H., Lai C., Klein R. and Lemke G. (1998) Aberrant neural and cardiac development in mice lacking the ErbB4 neuregulin receptor. Nature 378, 390–394.
Graus-Porta D., Beerli R. R., Daly J. M. and Hynes N. E. (1997) ErbB-2, the preferred heterodimerization partner of all ErbB receptors, is a mediator of lateral signaling. EMBO J. 16, 1647–1655.
Lenferink A. E. G., Pinkas-Kramarski R., van de Poll M. L. M., van Vugt M. J. H., Klapper L. N., Tzahar E., et al. (1998) Differential endocytic routing of homo- and hetero-dimeric ErbB tyrosin kinases confers signaling superiority to receptor heterodimers. EMBO J. 17, 3385–3397.
Waterman H., Sabanai I., Geiger B. and Yarden Y. (1998) Alternative intracellular routing of ErbB receptors may determine signaling potency. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 13,819–13,827.
Lin W., Sanchez H. B., Deerinck T., Morris J. K., Ellisman M. and Lee K. -F. (2000) Aberrant development of motor axons and neuromuscular synapses in ErbB2-deficient mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 1299–1304.
Morris J. K., Lin W., Hauser C., Marchuk Y., Getman D., and Lee K-F. (1999) Rescue of the cardiac defect in ErbB2 mutant mice reveals essential roles of ErbB2 in peripheral nervous system development. Neuron 23, 273–283.
Vartanian T., Fischbach G. and Miller R. (1999) Failure of spinal cord oligodendrocyte development in mice lacking neuregulin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 731–735.
Ma Y. J., Hill D. K., Creswick K. E., Costa M. E., Cornea A., Lioubin M. N., et al. (1999) Neuroegulins signaling via a glial ErbB2-ErbB4 receptor complex contribute to the neuroendocrine control of mammalian sexual development. J. Neurosci. 19, 9913–9927.
Krainock R. and Murphy S. (2001) Heregulin upregulates expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-1 in rat cerebellar granule cells by the ErbB4 receptor. J. Neurochem. 76, 312–315.
Krainock R. and Murphy S. (2001) Regulation of functional nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-1 expression in cerebellar granule neurons by heregulin is post-transcriptional, and involves MAP kinase. J. Neurochem. 78, 552–559.
Hung M.-C. and Lau Y-K. (1999) Basic science of HER-2/neu: a review. Semin. Oncol. 26, 51–59.
Ozaki M., Sasner M., Yano R., Lu H. S., and Buonanno A. (1997) Neuregulin-β induces expression of an NMDA-receptor subunit. Nature 390, 691–694.
Syroid D. E., Maycox P. R., Burrola P. G., Liu N., Wen D., Lee K. -F., et al. (1996) Cell death in the Schwann cell lineage and its regulation by neuregulin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 9229–9234.
Goodearl A., Viehover A. and Vartainian, T. (2001) Neuregulin-induced association of sos ras exchange protein with HER2/HER3 receptor complexes in Schwann cells through a specific grb2-HER2 interaction. Dev. Neurosci. 23, 25–30.
Meintanis S., Thomaidou D., Jessen K. R., Mirsky R. and Matsas R. (2001) The neuron-glia signal b-neuregulin promotes Schwann cell motility via the MAPK pathway. Glia 34, 39–51.
Zanazzi G., Einheber S., Westreich R., Hannocks M.-J., Bedell-Hogan D., Marchionni M. A. and Salzer J. L. (2001) Glial-growth factor/neuregulin inhibits Schwann cell myelination and induces demyelination. J. Cell. Biol. 152, 1289–1299.
Canoll P. D., Musacchio J. M., Hardy R., Reynolds R., Marchionni M. A. and Salzer J. L. (1996) GGF/Neuregulin is a neuronal signal that promotes the proliferation and survival and inhibits the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors. Neuron 17, 229–243.
Calaora V., Rogister B., Bismuth K., Murray K., Brandt H., Leprince P., et al. (2001) Neuregulin signaling regulates neural precursor growth and the generation of oligodendrocytes in vitro. J. Neurosci. 21, 4740–4751.
Cannella B., Hoban C. J., Gao Y. -L., Garcia-Arenas R., Lawson D., Marchionni M., et al. (1998) The neuregulin, glial growth factor 2, diminishes autoimmune demyelination and enhances remyelination in a chronic relapsing model for multiple sclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 10,100–10,105.
Frenzel K. E. and Falls D. L. (2001) Neuregulin-1 proteins in rat brain and transfected cells are localized to lipid rafts. J. Neurochem. 77, 1–12.
Garner C. C., Nash J. and Huganir R. L. (2000) PDZ domains in synapse assembly and signalling. Trends Cell Biol. 10, 274–280.
Garcia R. A. G., Vasudevan K. and Buonanno A. (2000) The neuregulin receptor ErbB4 interacts with PDZ-containing proteins at neuronal synapses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 3596–3601.
Huang Y. Z., Won S., Ali D. W., Wang Q., Tanowitz M., Du Q. S., et al. (2000) Regulation of neuregulin signaling by PSD 95 interacting with ErbB4 at CNS synapses. Neuron 26, 443–455.
Anton E. S., Marchionni M. A., Lee K. -F. and Rakic P. (1997) Role of GGF/neuregulin signaling in interactions between migrating neurons and radial glia in the developing cerebral cortex. Development 124, 3501–3510.
Borg J. P., Marchetto S., Le Bivic A., Ollendorf V., Jaulin-Bastard F., Saito H., et al. (2000) ERBIN: a basolateral PDZ protein that interacts with the mammalian ErbB2/HER2 receptor. Nature Cell Biol. 2, 407–414.
Jaulin-Bastard F., Saito H., Le Bivic A., Ollendorff V., Marchetto S., Birnbaum D. and Borg J. -P. (2001) The ERBB2/HER2 receptor differentially interacts with ERBIN and PICK1 PSD 95/DLG/ZO-1 domain proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 15,256–15,263.
Huang Y. Z., Wang Q., Xiong W. C. and Mei L. (2001) Erbin is a protein concentrated at postsynaptic membranes that interacts with PSD-95. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 19,318–19,326.
Brenman J. E., Chao D. S., Gee S. H., McGee A. W., Craven S. E., Santillano D. R., et al. (1996) Interaction of nitric oxide synthase with the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 and α1-syntrophin mediated by PDZ domains. Cell 84, 757–767.
Christopherson K. S., Hillier B. J., Lim W. A. and Bredt D. S. (1999) PSD-95 assembles a ternary complex with the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor and a bivalent neuronal NO synthase PDZ domain. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 27,467–27,473.
Manivet P., Mouillet-Richard S., Callebert J., Nebigil C. G., Maroteaux L., Hosoda S., et al. (2000) PDZ-dependent activation of nitric oxide synthases by the serotonin 2B receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 9324–9331.
Contestabile A. (2000) Role of NMDA receptor activity and nitric oxide production in brain development. Brain Res. Rev. 32, 476–509.
Bender A. T., Demady D. R. and Osawa Y. (2000) Ubiquitination of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase in vitro and in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 17,407–17,411.
De Moor C. H. and Richter J. D. (2001) Translational control in vertebrate development. Int. Rev. Cytol. 203, 567–608.
Robinson M. J. and Cobb M. H. (1997) Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 9, 180–186.
Cattaneo E., Conti L. and De-Fraja C. (1999) Signalling through the JAK-STAT pathway in the developing brain. Trends. Neurosci. 22, 365–369.
Olayioye M. A., Beuvink I., Horsch K., Daly J. M. and Hynes N. E. (1999) ErbB receptor induced activation of stat transcription factors is mediated by src tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17,209–17,218.
Rio C., Rieff H. I., Qi P. and Corfas G. (1997) Neuregulin and ErbB receptors play a critical role in neuronal migration. Neuron 19, 39–50.
Ozaki M., Tohyama K., Kishida H., Buonanno A., Yano R. and Hashikawa T. (2000) Roles of neuregulin in synaptogenesis between mossy fibers and cerebellar granule cells. J. Neurosci. Res. 59, 612–623.
Rieff H. I., Raetzman L. T., Sapp D. W., Yeh H. H., Siegel R. E. and Corfas G. (1999) Neuregulin induces GABAA receptor subunit expression and neurite outgrowth in cerebellar granule cells. J. Neurosci. 19, 10,757–10,766.
Villegas R., Villegas G. M., Longart M., Hernándes M., Maqueira B., Buonanno A., et al. (2000) Neuregulin found in cultured-sciatic nerve conditioned medium causes neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Brain Res. 852, 305–318.
Vaskovsky A., Lupowitz Z., Erlich S., and Pinkas-Kramarski R. (2000) ErbB-4 activation promotes nuerite outgrowth in PC12 cells. J. Neurochem. 74, 979–987.
Ogilvie P., Schilling K., Billingsley M. L., and Schmidt H. H. H. W. (1995) Induction and variants of neuronal nitric oxide synthase type I during synaptogenesis. FASEB J. 9, 799–806.
Peunova N. and Enikolopov G. (1995) Nitric oxide triggers a switch to growth arrest during differentiation of neuronal cells. Nature 375, 68–73.
Estevez A. G., Spear N., Thompson J. A., Cornwell T. L., Radi R., Barbeito L., and Beckman J. S. (1998) Nitric oxide-dependent production of cGMP supports the survival of rat embryonic motor neurons cultured with brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J. Neurosci. 18, 3708–3714.
Tanaka M., Yoshida S., Yano M., Hanaoka F. (1994) Roles of endogenous nitric oxide in cerebellar cortical development in slice cultures. NeuroReport 5, 2049–2052.
Poluha W., Schonhoff C. M., Harrington K. S., Lachyankar M. B., Crosbie N. E., Bulseco D. A., and Ross A. H. (1997) A novel, nerve growth factor-activated pathway involving nitric oxide, p53, and p21WAF1 regulates neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24,002–24,007.
Meffert M. K., Calakos N. C., Scheller R. H., and Schulman H. (1996) Nitric oxide modulates synaptic vesicle docking/fusion reactions. Neuron 16, 1229–1236.
Meffert M. K., Premack B. A., and Schulman H. (1994) Nitric oxide stimulates Ca2+ independent synaptic vesicle release. Neuron 12, 1235–1244.
Wang W., Nakayama T., Inoue N., and Kato, T. (1998) Quantitative analysis of nitric oxide synthase expressed in developing and differentiating rat cerebellum. Dev. Brain. Res. 111, 65–75.
Klocker N., Cellerino A., and Bahr M. (1998) Free radical scavenging and inhibition of nitric oxide synthase potentiates the neurotrophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on axotomized retinal ganglion cells in vivo. J. Neurosci. 18, 1038–1046.
Klocker N., Kermer P., Gleichmann M., Weller M., and Bahr M. (1999) Both the neuronal and inducible isoforms contribute to upregulation of retinal nitric oxide synthase activity by brain-derive neurotrophic factor. J. Neurosci. 19, 8517–8527.
Benowitz L. I. and Routtenberg A. (1997) GAP-43: an intrinsic determinant of neuronal development and plasticity. Trends Neurosci. 20, 84–91.
Mearow K. M. (1998) The effects of NGF and sensory nerve stimulation on collateral sprouting and gene expression in adult sensory neurons. Exp. Neurol. 151, 14–25.
Klocker N., Jung M., Stuermer C. A., and Bahr M. (2001) BDNF increases the number of axotomized rat retinal ganglion cells expressing GAP-43, L1, and TAG-1 mRNA- A supportive role for nitric oxide? Neurobiol. Dis. 8, 103–113.
Schmitt A. B., Breuer S., Voell M., Schwaiger F. W., Spitzer C., Pech K., et al. (1999) GAP-43 (B-50) and C-Jun are upregulated in axotomized neurons of Clarke’s nucleus after spinal cord injury in the adult rat. Neurobiol. Dis. 6, 122–130.
Turner K. M., Burgoyne R. D., and Morgan A. (1999) Protein phosphorylation and the regulation of synaptic membrane traffic. Trends Neurosci. 22, 459–464.
Ferreira A., Chin L. S., Li L., Lanier L. M., Kosik K. S., and Greengard P. (1998) Distinct roles of synapsin I and synapsin II during neuronal development. Mol. Med. 4, 22–28.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Murphy, S., Krainock, R. & Tham, M. Neuregulin signaling via ErbB receptor assemblies in the nervous system. Mol Neurobiol 25, 67–77 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1385/MN:25:1:067
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/MN:25:1:067