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Prevalence of zinc deficiency in junior high school students of tehran city

Biological Trace Element Research volume 81, pages 93–103 (2001)Cite this article

Abstract

Zinc deficiency is a health problem in many communities especially among adolescents because of pubertal growth sprout. This investigation was carried out to determine the epidemiology of zinc deficiency in junior high school students in Tehran City in 1997. This cross-sectional study was performed on 881 students (452 males and 429 females) with the mean age of 13.2±1.0 yr, who were selected by multistage random sampling method. Plasma, erythrocyte, and hair zinc levels were assayed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Anthropometric and demographic characteristics were measured and recorded on a questionnaire. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a 24-h recall method. Zinc deficiency was defined as having at least two indices from indices of erythrocyte, plasma, and hair zinc below 10 µg/mL, 100 µg/dL, and 125 µg/g of hair, respectively.

The results showed that zinc deficiency prevalence was 31.1% (confidence interval: 28–34.4%). Zinc deficiency was 65%, 49%, and 1.3% based on plasma, erythrocyte, and hair zinc levels, respectively. The mean ± SD for plasma, erythrocyte, and hair zinc concentration, height-for-age, as well as weight-for-age Z scores were 95.2±17.7 µg/dL, 10.3±2.3 µg/mL, 239.4±54.4 µg/g, −0.40±0.92, and 0.12±0.91, respectively. As for dietary intake compared with the RDA, 50% of the subjects consumed less than 50% of their requirement for zinc RDA based on a 24-h dietary recall. Zinc intake in subjects was 7.5±3.7 µg, that in boys was higher than in girls. Correlation coefficients between zinc status indices were very weak. There was neither a linear nor nonlinear relationship between biochemical parameters and nutritional zinc intake. It is concluded that almost one-third to one-half of the subjects would be considered zinc deficient.

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Affiliations

  1. Nutrition Department, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Science and Health Services, Kerman, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi

  2. National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science and Health Services, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Masud Kimiagar

Authors
  1. Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi
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  2. Seyed Masud Kimiagar
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Mahmoodi, M.R., Kimiagar, S.M. Prevalence of zinc deficiency in junior high school students of tehran city. Biol Trace Elem Res 81, 93–103 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:81:2:093

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:81:2:093

Index Entries

  • Zinc deficiency
  • epidemiology
  • prevalence
  • plasma
  • erythrocyte
  • hair
  • anthropometric
  • Z score
  • dietary intake
  • student