Abstract
Determination of aniline in wastewater was investigated by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction (MA-HS-SPME), for one-step in-situ sample preparation, and gas chromatography. Aniline in the water was evaporated into the headspace under the action of microwave irradiation and adsorbed directly by the SPME fiber. After desorption in the GC injection port and gas chromatography aniline was detected by FID. Conditions affecting the extraction efficiency, for example the pH of the water, addition of salt, microwave power and irradiation time, and desorption conditions were investigated. Experimental results indicated that adjustment of the pH of the water sample to 12 and headspace SPME sampling with a PDMS-DVB fiber under medium–high power irradiation (345 W) for 3 min resulted in the best extraction efficiency. Desorption of aniline was optimum when the SPME fiber was heated at 230 °C for 3 min. The detection limit was approximately 0.01 μg mL−1. The proposed method is a simple, fast, and organic-solvent-free procedure for analysis of aniline in water. Application was illustrated by analysis of aniline in wastewater from a polymer factory.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kataoka H (1996) J Chromatogr A 733:19–34
Voyksner RD, Straub R, Keever JT, Freeman HS, Hsu WH (1993) Environ Sci Technol 27:1665–1672
Games LM, Hites RA (1977) Anal Chem 49:1433–1443
Patil SS, Shinde VM (1988) Environ Sci Technol 22:1160–1165
Dalene M, Skarping G (1985) J Chromatogr 331:321–330
Laha S, Luthy RG (1990) Environ Sci Technol 24:363–373
Hernando D, Saurina J, Hernandez-Cassou S (1999) J Chromatogr A 859:227–233
Marengo E, Gennaro MC, Gianotti V, Prenesti E (1999) J Chromatogr A 863:1–11
Patsias J, Papadopoulou-Mourkidou E (2000) J Chromatogr A 904:171–188
Jen J-F, Chang C-T, Yang TC (2001) J Chromatogr A 930:119–125
Fromberg A, Nilsson T, Larsen BR, Montanarella L, Facchetti S, Madsen JO (1996) J Chromatogr A 746:71–81
Muller L, Fattore E, Benfenati E (1997) J Chromatogr A 791:221–230
Dasgupta A (1998) J Chromatogr B 716:354–358
Knapp CM, Breen JJ (1998) J Chromatogr A 799:289–299
Huang SD, Cheng C-P, Sung Y-H (1997) Anal Chim Acta 343:101–108
Zhu L, Tay CB, Lee HK (2002) J Chromatogr A 963:231–237
Baltussen E, Sandra P, David F, Cramers CA (1999) J Microcol Sep 11:737
Less M, Schmidt TC, von Low E, Stork G (1998) J Chromatogr A 810:173–182
Smith CJ, Dooly GL, Moldoveanu SC (2003) J Chromatogr A 991:99–107
Jin Q, Liang F, Zhang H, Zhao L, Huan Y, Song D (1999) Trends Anal Chem 18:479–484
Wei M-C, Jen J-F (2002) Chromatographia 55:701–706
Jen J-F, Su Y-S, Chen Y-I (2002) J Chromatogr A 976:349–355
Wei M-C, Jen J-F (2003) J Chromatogr A 1012:111–120
Jen J-F, Li H-P, Li G-C (2003) J Chromatogr A 1012:129–137
Zeng Z, Qiu W, Yang M, Wei X, Huang Z, Li F (2001) J Chromatogr A 934:51–57
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yan, CT., Jen, JF. Determination of Aniline in Water by Microwave-Assisted Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography. Chromatographia 59, 517–520 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-004-0203-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-004-0203-2