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Enhancement of the Adsorption of Phenol Red from Wastewater Onto Clinoptilolite by Modification with N-Terminated Siloxanes

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Clays and Clay Minerals

Abstract

The present study investigated the use of local and affordable clinoptilolite for the removal of persistent dyes from water. To improve its adsorption capacity, Na-clinoptilolite was modified chemically with two N-terminated siloxanes (molar mass: 2600 and 11000 g/mol) and used to adsorb the dye phenol red. The results of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that N-terminated siloxanes were grafted successfully onto clinoptilolite. Examination by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy supported the suggestion of modifications observed by FTIR. The modified clinoptilolite showed improved adsorption properties for phenol red: up to 0.32 mg of phenol red were removed per g of clinoptilolite modified with N-terminated siloxanes from water, while HCl-treated clinoptilolite removed only 0.15 mg after 4 h. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to obtain isotherm parameters. Results (with R2 > 0.84) from pseudo-first and pseudo-second order equations suggested that adsorption could have involved chemisorption and physisorption, probably because of the mineral-organic nature of the materials prepared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa

    Remy M. K. Vala & L. Tichagwa

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  1. Remy M. K. Vala
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  2. L. Tichagwa
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Correspondence to Remy M. K. Vala.

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Vala, R.M.K., Tichagwa, L. Enhancement of the Adsorption of Phenol Red from Wastewater Onto Clinoptilolite by Modification with N-Terminated Siloxanes. Clays Clay Miner. 61, 532–540 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2013.0610606

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2013.0610606

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