Abstract
A synergistic mechanism for the retention of organic and inorganic pollutants in clays is discussed in this paper. The mechanism of adsorption of cis- or trans- 1,2-dichloroethylene vapor (CDE or TDE, respectively) by hydrated smectite clay (hectorite) exchanged with Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Ca2+, Ag+, or Na+ has been investigated by simultaneously measuring chlorohydrocarbon uptake and water desorption isotherm and by recording the infrared (IR) spectrum of the adsorbed phase. Hydrated hectorite saturated with divalent cations adsorbs about 55% more CDE or 35% more TDE than those saturated with monovalent cations. The quantity of chlorohydrocarbon adsorbed is also a function of the hydration of the clay interlayer space. When dehydrated, hectorite does not adsorb CDE or TDE. Upon long outgassing at room temperature or even at 100°C, the characteristic IR bands of clays with adsorbed chlorohydrocarbon, although much weakened, are still observable. The ratio of the amount of water desorbed to the amount of chlorohydrocarbon adsorbed varied from about 0.22 to 0.34. A shift of the center of gravity of the hydration water OH stretching frequency towards a higher wavenumber and of the asymmetric CC1 stretching vibration toward a lower frequency suggest that the formation of hydrogen bonds between CDE or TDE and water is the driving force for adsorption and that the cation-dipole interaction does not play a major role.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aochi, Y. O., Farmer, W. J., and Sawhney, B. L. (1992) In situ investigation of 1,2-dibromoethane sorption/desorption processes on clay mineral surfaces by diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy: Environ. Sci. Technol. 26, 329–335.
Ballinger, T. H. and Yates, Jr., J. T. (1992) Interaction and catalytic decomposition of 1,1,1-trichloroethane on high surface area alumina. An infrared spectroscopic study: J. Phys. Chem. 96, 1417–1423.
Bowen, J. M., Powers, C. R., Ratcliffe, A. E., Rockley, M. G., and Hounslow, A. W. (1988) Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of dimethyl methylphosphonate adsorbed on montmorillonite: Environ. Sci. Technol. 22, 1178–1181.
Boyd, S. A. and Mortland, M. M. (1989) Polymerization and dechlorination of chloroethenes on Cu(II)-smectite via radical-cation intermediates: Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 223–227.
Boyd, S. A., Shaobai, S., Lee, J-F., and Mortland, M. M. (1988) Pentachlorophenol sorption by organo-clays: Clays & Clay Minerals 36, 125–130.
Brunauer, S., Emmett, P. H., and Teller, E. (1938) Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60, 309–319.
Cotton, F. A. and Wilkinson, G. (1972) Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 644–646.
Dean, J. A., ed. (1985) Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, 13th ed.: McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 10–107.
Grim, R. E. (1953) Clay Mineralogy: McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
Halliwell, H. F. and Nyburg, S. C. (1962) Enthalpy of hydration of the proton: Trans. Faraday Soc. 59, 1126–1140.
Herzberg, G. (1947) Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. II. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules: D. Van Nostrand Co., New York, 329–332.
Jaynes, W. F. and Boyd, S. A. (1991) Hydrophobicity of siloxane surfaces in smectites as revealed by aromatic hydrocarbon adsorption from water: Clays & Clay Minerals 39, 428–436.
Johnston, C. T., Sposito, G., and Erickson, C. (1992) Vibrational probe studies of water interactions with montmorillonite: Clays & Clay Minerals 40, 722–730.
Michot, L. J. and Pinnavaia, T. J. (1991) Adsorption of chlorinated phenols from aqueous solution by surfactant-modified pillared clays: Clays & Clay Minerals 39, 634–641.
Mizushima, S. (1954) Structure of Molecules and Internal Rotation: Academic Press, New York, 3–68.
Mizushima, S., Morino, Y., Watanabe, I., Simanouti, T., and Yamaguchi, S. (1949) Raman effect, infrared absorption, dielectric constant, and electron diffraction in relation to internal rotation: J. Chem. Phys. 17, 591–594.
Pimentel, G. and McClellan, A. L. (1960) The Hydrogen Bond: W. H. Freeman and Company, 68–140.
Pouchen, C. J., ed. (1970) The Aldrich Library of Infrared Spectra: Aldrich Chemical Co. Inc., U.S.A., D6200 and D6220.
Rausell-Colom, J. A. and Serratosa, J. M. (1987) Chemistry of Clays and Clay Minerals, A.C.D. Newman, ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 371–422.
Sawhney, B. L. and Gent, M. P. N. (1990) Hydrophobicity of clay surfaces: Sorption of 1, 2-dibromoethane and trichloroethene: Clays & Clay Minerals 38, No. 1, 14–20.
Theng, B. J. K. (1974) The Chemistry of Clay-Organic Reactions: John Wiley & Sons, New York, 352 pp.
Zielke, R. C. and Pinnavaia, T. J. (1988) Modified clays for the adsorption of environmental toxicants: Binding of chlorophenols to pillared, delaminated, and hydroxy-interlayered smectites: Clays & Clay Minerals 36, 403–408.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Siantar, D.P., Feinberg, B.A. & Fripiat, J.J. Interaction between Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in the Clay Interlayer. Clays Clay Miner. 42, 187–196 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420209
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420209