Abstract
The adsorption from chloroform solution of the herbicide diclofop, (RS)-2-(4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionic acid, and its methyl ester diclofop-methyl on Cu2+-, Al3+-, and Fe3+-exchanged bentonite samples was investigated. For comparison, the complexes formed by diclofop were synthesized and studied. Diclofop adsorbed on the clays and formed carboxylate bonds to the interlayer ions. Diclofop-methyl also adsorbed, but its interaction involved the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules in the interlayer. Traces of diclofop were observed in both the solution and the clays after adsorption of diclofop-methyl, indicating that some hydrolysis of the ester to the corresponding acid occurred. Thus, pesticides forming neutral complexes with interlayer cations in montmorillonite in soils may be extractable by solvents and therefore released into the environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bandemer, S. L. and Schaible, R. J. (1944) Determination of iron. A study of the o-phenanthroline method. Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 16, 317–319.
Brown, G. M. and Chidambaram, R. (1973) Dinuclear coppelli) acetate monohydrate: A redetermination by neutron-diffraction analysis: Acta Crystallogr. B29, 2393–2403.
Chenery, E. M. (1948) Thioglycollic acid as an inhibitor for iron in the colorimetrie determination of Al by means of “aluminon”: Analyst 73, 501–502.
Crosby, D. G. (1976) Non biological degradation of herbicides in the soil: in Herbicides, Vol. 2, L. J. Andus, ed., Academic Press, London, 65–97.
Gessa, C., Pusino, A., Solinas, V., and Petretto, S. (1987) Interaction of Fluazifop-butyl with homoionic clays: Soil Sci. 144, 420–424.
Karanth, N. G. K., Anderson, J. P. E., and Domsch, K. H. (1984) Degradation of the herbicide diclofop-methyl in soil and influence of pesticide mixture on its persistence: J. Biosc. 6, 829–837.
Micera, G., Pusino, A., Gessa, C., and Petretto, S. (1988) Interaction of Fluazifop with Al-, Fe3+-, and Cu2+-saturated montmorillonite: Clays & Clay Minerals 36, 354–358.
Mortland, M. M. (1970) Clay-organic complexes and interactions: Adv. Agron. 22, 75–119.
Mortland, M. M. (1975) Interactions between clays and organic pollutants: in Proc. Inter. Clay Conf., Mexico City, 1975, S. W. Bailey, ed., Applied Publishing, Wilmette, Illinois, 469–475.
Nebesar, B. (1964) Spectrophotometric determination of Cu in Te and related thermoelectric compounds of the Bi tel-luride type with 2,9-dimethyl-1,1 O-phenanthroline: Anal. Chem. 36, 1961–1965.
Pusino, A., Micera, G., Premoli, A., and Gessa, C. (1989) D-Glucosamine sorption on Cu(II)-montmorillonite as the protonated and neutral species: Clays & Clay Minerals 37, 377–380.
Smith, A. E. (1976) Esterification of the hydrolysis product of the herbicide dichlorfop-methyl in methanol: J. Agric. Food Chem. 24, 1077–1078.
Smith, A. E. (1977) Degradation of the herbicide diclofop-methyl in prairie soils: J. Agric. Food Chem. 25, 893–898.
Smith, A. E., Grover, R., Cessna, A. J., Stewchuck, S. R., and Hunter, J. H. (1986) Fate of diclofop-methyl after application to a wheat field: J. Environ. Qual. 15, 234–238.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pusino, A., Micera, G., Gessa, C. et al. Interaction of Diclofop and Diclofop-Methyl with Al3+-, Fe3+-, and Cu2+-Saturated Montmorillonite. Clays Clay Miner. 37, 558–562 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370609
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370609