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Kink Block Structures in Clay Organic Complexes

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Clays and Clay Minerals

Abstract

Complexes of n-tetradecylammonium-beidellite with n-alkanols

$${\rm{(n - }}{{\rm{C}}_{{\rm{14}}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{29}}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{+}}{\rm{)_{{\rm{0,44}}}(n - C_{{\rm{x}}}}}{{\rm{H}}_{{\rm{2x}}}}{\rm{+}}{}_{\rm{1}}{\rm{OH) }}{}_{{\rm{1,56}}}{{\rm{\{ M}}{{\rm{g}}_{{\rm{0,28}}}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{{\rm{1,81}}}}{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{{\rm{3,56}}}}{\rm{Al}}{}_{{\rm{0,44}}}{\rm{O_{{10\}} }}}^{{\rm{0,44 - }}}}$$

(x = 8–22) have been prepared and characterized by their basal spacings and by measurements of the specific heat cp.

The compounds undergo a series of reversible phase transitions

$${\beta _1} \rightleftharpoons...\rightleftharpoons{\beta_i}\rightleftharpoons...\rightleftharpoons{\beta_\omega}\rightleftharpoons{\alpha_1}...\rightleftharpoons{\alpha_j}$$

with rising temperature. The maximum number ω of β-phases depends upon the chain lengths and increases from 1 with decanol to 6 with docosanol. Due to the evaporation of alkanol the number of χ-phases is not yet established in all details.

The β-transitions correspond to conformational changes of the alkyl chains via rotational isomerisation, especially kink formation. The β-phases become unstable if the kink concentration exceeds 0,14 kinks/-CH2-. The β/α-transition is probably caused by a rearrangement into special gauche-block structures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel, Germany

    G. Lagaly

  2. Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität München, Germany

    St. Fitz & Armin Weiss

Authors
  1. G. Lagaly
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  2. St. Fitz
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  3. Armin Weiss
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Lagaly, G., Fitz, S. & Weiss, A. Kink Block Structures in Clay Organic Complexes. Clays Clay Miner. 23, 45–54 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1975.0230107

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