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Comparative Studies on Extraction of Sediment Interstitial Waters: Discussion and Comment on the Current State of Interstitial Water Studies

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Clays and Clay Minerals

Abstract

The implication by Murthy and Ferrell (1972) that interstitial water studies are in a confused state is criticized on the basis that the authors have not drawn on a considerable body of data, especially Soviet studies since the 1950’s, and results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Pressure filtration systems for extracting interstitial waters are currently the methods of choice for marine studies and have achieved substantial reliability and reproducibility. Although gaps and problems remain, many aspects of interstitial composition of marine sediments have been clarified; these include the substantial constancy of composition of interstitial waters in deep sea pelagic deposits, depletion of interstitial cations owing to authigenic mineral formation in more rapidly accumulated (especially terrigenous) sediments, and special phenomena in sediments overlying salt deposits.

Résumé

La conclusion de Murthy et Ferrell (1972) selon laquelle les études sur l’eau interstitielle n’ont pas abouti à des résultats clairs, est critiquée en remarquant que les auteurs ne se sont pas appuyés sur une masse considérable de données constituée, en particulier, par les travaux russes depuis 1950 et par les résultats du Deep Sea Drilling Project. Les systèmes de filtration sous pression pour extraire les solutions interstitielles sont, en général, des méthodes de choix pour les études marines; ces méthodes ont atteint une qualité et une reproductibilité substantielles. Bien que des manques de connaissance et des problèmes subsistent encore, de nombreux aspects de la composition interstitielle des sédiments marins ont été clarifiés; ils portent sur la constance notable de la composition des solutions interstitielles dans les dépôts pélagiques en mer profonde, l’appauvrissement en cations interstitiels dû à la formation de minéraux authigènes dans les sédiments accumulés plus rapidement (en particulier les sédiments terrigènes), et sur des phénomènes spéciaux se passant dans des sédiments recouvrant des dépôts de sel.

Kurzreferat

Die Schlußfolgerung von Murthy und Ferrell (1972), daß sich Untersuchungen des Porenwassers im Zustand der Verwirrung befinden, wird kritisiert, weil die Autoren eine bemerkenswerte Anzahl von Ergebnissen, insbesondere sowjetischer Untersuchungen seit den 1950 Jahren sowie die Befunde des Tiefseebohrprojektes nicht berücksichtigt haben. Druckfiltrationssysteme zur Extraktion von Porenwasser sind gegenwärtig die Methodender Wahl für marine Untersuchungen und haben wesentliche Zuverlässigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit erreicht. Obwohl Lücken und Probleme fortbestehen, wurden viele Aspekte der Zusammensetzung der Porenlösungen mariner Sedimente geklärt. Zu diesen gehören die wesentliche Konstanz der Zusammensetzung von Porenwässern in pelagischen Tiefseeablagerungen, die Verarmung an Porenkationen infolge der authigenen Mineralbildung in schneller abgelagerter (vorwiegend terrigenen) Sedimenten sowie spezielle Erscheinungen in Sedimenten über Salzablagerungen.

Резюме

Утверждение Мурти и Феррелла (1972 г.), что исследование промежуточной воды находится в хаотическом состоянии, критикуется на том основании, что авторы не рассмотрели значительную часть имеющихся данных, особенно исследований проведенных советскими работниками с 50-тых годов и не ознакомились с результатами проектов бурения на больших морских глубинах. В настоящее время для изучения морей и для извлечения промежуточной воды выбрали систему фильтрации под давлением и полученные результаты оказались надеж-ными и воспроизводимыми. Хотя, имеются еще пробелы и проблемы, все таки многие стороны состава импреньированных морских отложений были выяснены; как то: заметную постоянность состава промежуточных вод в отложениях глубоких морей, истощение про-межуточных катионов, вследствие образования аутигенного минерала в более быстро скопив-шихся отложениях (особенно терригенных), и специальная особенность залегания над пластами соли.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA

    F. T. Manheim

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U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, U.S.A. Current address: Dept. Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701. U.S.A. Contribution No. 3429 of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

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Manheim, F.T. Comparative Studies on Extraction of Sediment Interstitial Waters: Discussion and Comment on the Current State of Interstitial Water Studies. Clays Clay Miner. 22, 337–343 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220404

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