Abstract
In adults, hematopoiesis occurs in bone marrow (BM) through a complex process with differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to immune and blood cells. Human HSCs and their progenitors express CD34. Methods on hematopoietic regulation are presented to show the effects of the chemokine, stromal-derived growth factor (SDF)-1α and the neuropeptide, substance P (SP). SDF-1α production in BM stroma causes interactions with HSCs, thereby retaining the HSCs in regions close to the endosteum, at low oxygen. Small changes in SDF-1α levels stimulate HSC functions through direct and indirect mechanisms. The indirect method occurs by SP production, which stimulates CD34+ cells, supported by ligand-binding studies, long-term culture-initiating cell assays for HSC functions, and clonogenic assays for myeloid progenitors. These methods can be applied to study other hematopoietic regulators.
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Abbreviations
- BM:
-
Bone marrow
- CLP:
-
common lymphoid progenitors
- CMP:
-
common myeloid progenitors
- HSCs:
-
hematopoietic stem cells
- MSCs:
-
mesenchymal stem cells
- NK-A:
-
neurokinin-A
- NK1:
-
neurokinin-1
- NK2:
-
neurokinin-2
- SDF-1α:
-
Stromal cell-derived factor 1α
- SP:
-
Substance P
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Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Patel, N., Castillo, M. & Rameshwar, P. Anin vitro method to study the effects of hematopoietic regulators during immune and blood cell development. Biol. Proced. Online 9, 56–64 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1251/bpo133
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1251/bpo133