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Predictors of Extrahepatic Recurrence After Curative Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Annals of Surgical Oncology volume 17, pages 2740–2746 (2010)Cite this article

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to elucidate the predictors of extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after hepatectomy.

Materials and Methods

A cohort of 252 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy following a recurrence were reviewed. The patients were categorized into 2 groups according to the pattern of their initial recurrence. Clinicopathological and survival data were compared between the groups.

Results

Of the 252 patients, 218 had intrahepatic recurrence (IHR) (86.5%) and 34 had extrahepatic recurrence (EHR) (13.5%) as their initial recurrence. The mean duration of time until the initial recurrence after hepatectomy of the EHR and IHR groups was 1.8 and 2.2 years, respectively. The rate of recurrence within 6 months after hepatectomy of EHR and IHR groups was 35.3 and 14.2%, respectively (P = .002). The 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative survival rates of EHR group were 60.3, 24.0, and 6.0%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of IHR group (74.5, 57.7, and 23.1%, P = .004). A multivariate analysis showed that blood loss during surgery and microscopic hepatic vein invasion remained as independent risk factors for increased EHR after hepatectomy for HCC. Furthermore, the combination of these 2 independent factors showed a significant association with the EHR.

Conclusions

EHR of HCC was associated with early recurrence and a poor survival after a hepatectomy. The combination of 2 independent factors for EHR, the presence of microscopic hepatic vein invasion and the blood loss during surgery, may be useful for predicting the risk for occurrence of EHR during the follow-up period.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Professor Brian Quinn for his review of this manuscript. This study was supported in part by a grant from the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education of Japan.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Akinobu Taketomi MD, PhD, Takeo Toshima MD, Dai Kitagawa MD, PhD, Takashi Motomura MD, Kazuki Takeishi MD, Hiroto Kayashima MD, Keishi Sugimachi MD, PhD, Yoichi Yamashita MD, PhD, Toru Ikegami MD, PhD, Tomonobu Gion MD, PhD, Hideaki Uchiyama MD, PhD, Yuji Soejima MD, PhD, Takashi Maeda MD, PhD, Ken Shirabe MD, PhD & Yoshihiko Maehara MD, PhD

  2. Department of Surgical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Yohei Mano MD & Shinichi Aishima MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Akinobu Taketomi MD, PhD
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  2. Takeo Toshima MD
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  3. Dai Kitagawa MD, PhD
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  5. Kazuki Takeishi MD
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  7. Hiroto Kayashima MD
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  8. Keishi Sugimachi MD, PhD
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  9. Shinichi Aishima MD, PhD
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  10. Yoichi Yamashita MD, PhD
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  11. Toru Ikegami MD, PhD
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  12. Tomonobu Gion MD, PhD
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  13. Hideaki Uchiyama MD, PhD
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  14. Yuji Soejima MD, PhD
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  15. Takashi Maeda MD, PhD
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  16. Ken Shirabe MD, PhD
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  17. Yoshihiko Maehara MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akinobu Taketomi MD, PhD.

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Taketomi, A., Toshima, T., Kitagawa, D. et al. Predictors of Extrahepatic Recurrence After Curative Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 17, 2740–2746 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-010-1076-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-010-1076-2

Keywords

  • Extrahepatic Metastasis
  • Portal Vein Invasion
  • Extrahepatic Recurrence
  • Initial Recurrence
  • Bile Duct Invasion