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A Review on Physicochemical Properties of Polymers Used as Filaments in 3D-Printed Tablets

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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has presently been explored widely in the field of pharmaceutical research to produce various conventional as well as novel dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, oral films, pellets, subcutaneous implants, scaffolds, and vaginal rings. The use of this innovative method is a good choice for its advanced technologies and the ability to make tailored medicine specifically for individual patient. There are many 3D printing systems that are used to print tablets, implants, and vaginal rings. Among the available systems, the fused deposition modeling (FDM) is widely utilized. The FDM has been regarded as the best choice of printer as it shows high potential in the production of tablets as a unit dose in 3D printing medicine manufacturing. In order to design a 3D-printed tablet or other dosage forms, the physicochemical properties of polymers play a vital role. One should have proper knowledge about the polymer’s properties so that one can select appropriate polymers in order to design 3D-printed dosage form. This review highlighted the various physicochemical properties of polymers that are currently used as filaments in 3D printing. In this manuscript, the authors also discussed various systems that are currently adopted in the 3D printing.

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Abbreviations

API:

Active pharmaceutical ingredient

HPMC:

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

CTE:

Thermal expansion coefficient

T g :

Glass transition temperature

FDM:

Fused deposition modeling

FFF:

Fused filament fabrication

XRPD:

X-ray powder diffraction

SLS:

Selective laser sintering

CAD:

Computer-aided design

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

T m :

Melting temperature

SSE:

Semi-solid extrusion

HME:

Hot melt extrusion

BJP:

Binder jet printing

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

SLA:

Stereolithography

EC:

Ethyl cellulose

PLA:

Polylactic acid

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Funding

This research was funded by Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Prototype Research Grant Scheme, grant number PRGS19-005–0049 and ASEAN-India International Collaborative Research Project sponsored by Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST, Gov. of India, New Delhi, grant number IMRC/AISTDF/CRD/2019/000147.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    AbdAlmonem Doolaanea & NurFaezah Latif

  2. IKOP SdnBhd, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    AbdAlmonem Doolaanea

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University (MRSPTU), Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India

    Shubham Singh, Mohit Kumar & Amit Bhatia

  4. ESPRAY SdnBhd, B-16 3Rd Floor, Jalan IM 7/2, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Mohamad Faizal Safa’at

  5. Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Mulham Alfatama

  6. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Raihana Edros

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Contributions

Conceptualization, AA.D. and NF.L.; writing-original draft preparation, AA.D. and NF.L.; writing-review and editing, S.S., M.K., M.A, R.E. and A.B.; supervision, AA.D. and A.B.; project administration, A.B. and AA.D.; funding acquisition, AA.D. and A.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Doolaanea, A., Latif, N., Singh, S. et al. A Review on Physicochemical Properties of Polymers Used as Filaments in 3D-Printed Tablets. AAPS PharmSciTech 24, 116 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-023-02570-3

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