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Development of Photoprotective Formulations Containing Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Sun Protection Factor, Physical-Mechanical and Sensorial Properties

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Abstract

The effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation emitted by the sun are cumulative and can result in chemical changes such as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the regular use of sunscreen. As an alternative, the use of antioxidants, such as quercetin, into sunscreen can control these effects and provide additional skin photoprotection. However, quercetin presents low stability and poor permeation, alternatively, the encapsulation in nanoparticles can improve the stability and skin permeation. Thus, this study aimed to develop photoprotective formulations containing nanoencapsulated quercetin, characterize the physical-mechanical and sensorial properties, and evaluate the influence of nanocarriers on sun protection factor (SPF) and the immediate clinical effects. Sunscreen formulations with or without antioxidants in a free form or loaded in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed. After the stability, rheological behavior, texture profile, and in vivo SPF (sun protector factor) evaluation, sixty female participants, aged between 20 and 35 years, were enclosed to evaluate the sensorial properties and immediate clinical effects of the formulation in the skin hydration using biophysical and skin imaging techniques. The correlation of rheological behavior, texture profile, and sensory properties enabled the correct choice of formulation ingredients. In addition, the use of NLCs with quercetin significantly improved the SPF in vivo of the developed photoprotective formulation, without increasing the amount of UV filters. Finally, the association of NLCs in the photoprotective formulation showed synergistic effects in the SPF and an improvement in the skin barrier function and hydration.

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Funding

This study received funding from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior -Brasil (CAPES) (Finance Code 001), FAPESP (Fundação do Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo by INCT-NANOFARMA grants 2014/50928-2 (FAPESP) and 465687/ 2014-8 (CNPq) and Grupo Investiga - Brazil for SPF determination.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo—USP, Avenida do Café s/n – Bairro: Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil

    Elisa C. Felippim, Priscyla D. Marcato & Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos

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  1. Elisa C. Felippim
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  2. Priscyla D. Marcato
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  3. Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos
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Correspondence to Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos.

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Felippim, E.C., Marcato, P.D. & Maia Campos, P.M.B.G. Development of Photoprotective Formulations Containing Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Sun Protection Factor, Physical-Mechanical and Sensorial Properties. AAPS PharmSciTech 21, 311 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-020-01858-y

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