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In vitro SPF and Photostability Assays of Emulsion Containing Nanoparticles with Vegetable Extracts Rich in Flavonoids

AAPS PharmSciTech volume 20, Article number: 9 (2019) Cite this article

Abstract

The aim of study was to determine the in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) and the photostability profile of a topical formulation composed of nanoparticles loaded with vegetable extracts and to assess its physicochemical properties. Chitosan/tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles loaded with flavonoids-enriched vegetable extracts (Ginkgo biloba L., Dimorphandra mollis Benth, Ruta graveolens, and Vitis vinifera L.) were produced and characterized for their morphology, mean particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. A final topical formulation was obtained by dispersing chitosan/TPP nanoparticles in an o/w emulsion. Results showed that nanoparticles dispersion exhibited yellowish color, spherical shape, and uniform appearance. Extract-loaded chitosan/TPP nanoparticles showed a mean particle size of 557.11 ± 3.1 nm, polydispersity index of 0.39 ± 0.27, zeta potential of + 11.54 ± 2.1 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 75.89% of rutin. The recorded texture parameters confirm that the developed formulation is appropriate for skin application. The SPF obtained was 2.3 ± 0.4, with a critical wavelength of 387.0 nm and 0.69 UVA/UVB ratio. The developed formulation exhibited photostability, allowing the release of flavonoids from nanoparticles while retaining rutin into the skin in a higher extension.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge FAPESP (grant number 2015/25533-7 and 2017/14757-7), CAPES, and CNPq agencies for the financial support of this study. The authors also acknowledge the financial support received from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT/MCT) and from the European Funds (PRODER/COMPETE) under the project reference M-ERA-NET/0004/2015-PAIRED, co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.

Author Contribution Statement

LCC—carried out the assays, discussed results, and produced the manuscript.

JAA—carried assays, discussed results, and produced the manuscript.

SE—carried out photostability assay and reviewed the text.

FCdSG—carried out photostability assay and reviewed the text.

ARF—carried out texture assay and reviewed the text.

JM—carried out permeation assay and reviewed the text.

HMR—carried out permeation assay and reviewed the text.

MAF—co-advised students (Ms. Cefali and Ms. Ataide). Participated in plant extraction and identification of flavonoids, results discussion, and manuscript revision.

PGM—advised students (Ms. Cefali and Ms. Ataide), delineating assays, discussing results and producing/reviewing the manuscript. Participated in sun protector factor and antioxidant assays.

EBS—co-advised students (Ms. Cefali and Ms. Ataide). Participated in research outline, sun protector factor assays, results discussion, and manuscript revision.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária “Zeferino Vaz”, Monteiro Lobato Street, 255, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil

    Letícia Caramori Cefali

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal

    Letícia Caramori Cefali, Janaína Artem Ataide, Ana Rita Fernandes & Eliana Barbosa Souto

  3. School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Sergio Buarque de Holanda, 250, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil

    Janaína Artem Ataide

  4. Kosmoscience Group, Rua Sandoval Meireles, 72, Campinas, SP, 13041-315, Brazil

    Samara Eberlin & Fernanda Cristina da Silva Gonçalves

  5. Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon (UL), 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal

    Joana Marto & Helena Margarida Ribeiro

  6. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Cândido Portinari, 200, Campinas, SP, 13083-871, Brazil

    Mary Ann Foglio & Priscila Gava Mazzola

  7. CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    Eliana Barbosa Souto

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  1. Letícia Caramori Cefali
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  2. Janaína Artem Ataide
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  3. Samara Eberlin
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Cefali, L.C., Ataide, J.A., Eberlin, S. et al. In vitro SPF and Photostability Assays of Emulsion Containing Nanoparticles with Vegetable Extracts Rich in Flavonoids. AAPS PharmSciTech 20, 9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-018-1217-7

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KEY WORDS

  • flavonoids
  • nanoparticles
  • permeation
  • photostability
  • rutin
  • sunscreen