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Microencapsulation by Spray Coagulation of Diltiazem HCl in Calcium Alginate-Coated Chitosan

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to develop a procedure for encapsulation of diltiazem HCl by spray coagulation. Factors affecting the formulations such as the effect of NaCl on the solubility of diltiazem in alginate solution, surface tension, pH, viscosity of the coagulation medium, and the effect of drug load on drug release were studied. The drug load was increased substantially from 10 up to 320 mg/mL by adding 1.2% w/v NaCl in 1% w/v alginate solution. More stable microcapsules were obtained at pH 4.6 (acetate buffer) than at a pH 2.8 (lactic acid), and the microencapsulation process was favored by the type of chitosan that produced low turbidity and viscosity in the coagulation medium. A dose of 50 mg/mL of diltiazem HCl, 1.2% w/v NaCl, and chitosan CS allowed higher amount of drug to be encapsulated. The high water solubility of diltiazem HCl leads to fast release from the microcapsules.

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Abbreviations

A:

Amplitude

CACC:

Calcium alginate-coated chitosan

CLMW:

Chitosan Aldrich, low molecular weight

CMMW:

Chitosan Aldrich, medium molecular weight

CS:

Chitosan Sigma, practical grade

DA:

Degree of acetylation

HOAc:

Acetic acid

Mv:

Viscosity average molecular weight

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by FONDECYT under project 1061146. The authors are grateful to Laboratorios Bagó for the supply of diltiazem hydrochloride.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Operaciones Unitarias, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile

    Cristián Tapia & Víctor Montezuma

  2. Laboratorio de Química de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram

Authors
  1. Cristián Tapia
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  2. Víctor Montezuma
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  3. Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram
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Correspondence to Cristián Tapia.

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Tapia, C., Montezuma, V. & Yazdani-Pedram, M. Microencapsulation by Spray Coagulation of Diltiazem HCl in Calcium Alginate-Coated Chitosan. AAPS PharmSciTech 9, 1198–1206 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-008-9164-3

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