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Table 2 In vitro studies on the effect of PBM on healthy cells

From: Mechanisms of PhotoBioModulation (PBM) focused on oral mucositis prevention and treatment: a scoping review

Source PBM parameters Cells Experiments Results References
GaAlAs laser 660 nm, power Densities in the petri dish covered from 0.39 to 63.7 mW/cm2
Three consecutive days for 15 min
Per day: from 0.35 J/cm2 to 57 J/cm2 		Fibroblasts human oral carcinoma cell line (SCC-25), non-malignant epithelial cells
(BEAS-2B) 		Cell proliferation assay
Cell cycle analysis
Apoptosis assay 		LLLT treatment resulted in increased fibroblast proliferation whereas decreased cell proliferation was observed after LLLT treatment of BEAS-2B and SCC-25 cells [18]
Schartinger; 2012
Highpower Helium–Neon (He–Ne) 650 nm, four-energy densities tested 0, 0.1, 0.2, 1.2, 10 J/cm2
Time 2, 4, 8 s 		Canine epidermal keratinocyte Scratch migration assay
Proliferation assay 		LLLT increased cellular migration and proliferation at doses of 0.1, 0.2, and 1.2 J/cm2 while exposure to 10 J/cm2 decreased cellular migration and proliferation [23]
Gagnon; 2016
LED light 670 nm
4 and 8 J/cm2, intensity of 50 mW/cm2 		Fibroblast, osteoblasts, L-6 musculoskeletal cell line, HaCAT epithelial cells Cell growth
DNA synthesis 		Cell growth increased 155% over 100% for untreated controls at 670 nm and 4 J/cm2 energy density 48 h after treatment
(125% at 8 J/cm2, 670 nm)
HaCAT epithelial cells treated synthesized twice the amount of collagen than that of the control cells 		[24]
Whelan
  1. Low level laser therapy, DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. Cell lines (HaCaT cells: spontaneously immortalized human keratinocyte line, SCC-25: oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, BEAS-2B: non-malignant epithelial cells, L-6 musculoskeletal cell line derived from rat, HaCAT: human immortalized keratinocyte cell line
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