Introduction
sTREM1, a new receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. It has been reported to be a useful marker in infectious inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, pneumonia and pancreatitis. Cardiovascular disease with shock and associated organ dysfunction in the form of acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute liver damage (LD) is a unique subset of disease conditions mediated by the inflammatory process and there may be a role of sTREM1 levels in assessing the severity of disease and prognostication of the patient. We hypothesized that the sTREM1 level may be increased in patients with cardiovascular disease and organ dysfunction and it can be used as a prognostic marker.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of sTREM1 levels of 139 (99 males, 40 females) (P < 0.004) patients admitted between October 2009 and January 2010 to the ICU of our hospital. Patients with cardiovascular disease and organ dysfunction like AKI and LD were analysed. sTREM1 level >25 pg/ml was taken as abnormal.
Results
A total of 139 patients were analysed. sTREM1 was abnormal in 82 (59%) of the patients (mean ± SD 63.26 ± 54.58) and normal in 57 (41%) patients (15.35 ± 6.10), which is highly significant (P < 0.0001) and correlates well with total leucocyte counts, which are (mean ± SD) 15,283 ± 6,126 for patients with abnormal sTREM1 and 13, 001 ± 6,518 for normal patients (P < 0.05). Out of 75 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), 50 (61%) patients had abnormal sTREM1 levels as compared with 25 (43.9%) with normal levels (P < 0.046). Out of 18 patients with AKI, 15 (83.3%) had abnormal sTREM1 levels and three (16.6%) had normal levels (P < 0.020). Out of 15 patients with LD, 13 (84.1%) had abnormal value and two (15.9%) had normal levels (P < 0.017). Although patients with abnormal sTREM1 had higher mortality it was not statistically significant due to the small number of patients.
Conclusions
sTREM1 levels rise significantly in all kinds of cardiovascular disease and associated organ dysfunction like AKI and LD. Abnormal levels are also related to higher mortality, although not statistically significantly. The level of sTREM1 can be used as a prognostic marker for patients with this kind of disease scenario. These results confirm the usefulness of sTREM1 as a biological marker for diagnosing the severity of disease.
References
Soluble TREM1 and the diagnosis of pneumonia N Engl J Med 2004, 350: 451-458. 10.1056/NEJMoa031544
Increase level of sTREM1in patients with acute pancreatitis Crit Care Med 2008, 36: 2048-2053. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31817b8824
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc11143.
Rights and permissions
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
About this article
Cite this article
Dewan, S., Varma, A. & Talegaonkar, M. Increased levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells sTREM1 in ICU patients with cardiovascular disease and associated organ dysfunction. Crit Care 15 (Suppl 1), P280 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/cc9700
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc9700