Risk scoring systems for adults admitted to the emergency department: a systematic review

Table 1 Parameters included in the scoring systems

Parameter	ALT[12]	EWS[19]	TTS[16]	RLD[13]	WPS[20]	SCS[14]	HOTEL[15]	RAPS[17]	REMS[21]	GS[18]
Age	•			•		•			•	•
Sex				•
Admission (acute or planned)				•
Ability to stand unaided						•	•
Coma						•
New stroke						•
Dyspnoea						•
Nursing home resident						•
Diabetes						•
Abnormal EKG						•	•
Spend time in bed prior to admission						•
Vital signs
Heart rate		•	•		•	•		•	•
Systolic blood pressure		•	•		•	•	•
Diastolic blood pressure			•
Mean blood pressure								•	•
Respiratory rate		•	•		•	•		•	•
Temperature		•	•		•	•	•
Level of consciousness (AVPU)		•	•¹		•
Level of consciousness (GCS)			•¹					•	•	•
Oxygen saturation		•	•		•	•	•		•	•
Urine production			•²
Altered mental state						•
Blood tests
Albumin	•			•
Lactate dehydrogenase	•
Alanine transaminase	•
Aspartate aminotransferase	•
Creatinine				•
Blood Urea Nitrogen	•			•
Sodium				•
Potassium				•
Glucose	•
Haemoglobin				•
Leucocytes	•			•
Neutrophilocytes	•