Abstract
Conventional vibrational energy harvesters (VEHs) are generally based on a linear mass-spring oscillator model that features narrow bandwidth and high resonant frequencies at small scales. To overcome these limitations, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-Dof) velocity-amplified VEH was developed. The harvester comprises two masses, relatively oscillating one inside the other, between four sets of magnetic springs. Impacts between the two masses are allowed, and momentum is transferred from the larger outer mass to the smaller inner mass, thereby providing velocity amplification. Electromagnetic transduction was chosen because it can be easily implemented in a velocity-amplified VEH. The harvester was tested with harmonic excitation of different amplitudes and two peaks of similar heights were observed at arms = 0.6 g, resulting in a −3 dB bandwidth of 10 Hz. The VEH was also tested under human motion and at a running speed of 10 km/h the harvester generated P = 0.44 mW, a power level that could be accumulated in a storage medium over time and used for powering wireless sensor nodes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Smith, Will wearable technology destroy advances in recycling? – call2recycle, unitedstates (2018), available at https://www.call2recycle.org/will-wearable-technology-destroy-advances-in-recycling/
A. Dewan, S.U. Ay, M.N. Karim, H. Beyenal, J. Power Sources 245, 129 (2014)
T. O’Donnell, C. Saha, S. Beeby, J. Tudor, Microsyst. Technol. 13, 1637 (2007)
I. Neri, F. Travasso, R. Mincigrucci, H. Vocca, F. Orfei, L. Gammaitoni, J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23, 2095 (2012)
J. Cao, W. Wang, S. Zhou, D.J. Inman, J. Lin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 143904 (2015)
S. Wei, H. Hu, S. He, Smart Mater. Struct. 22, 105020 (2013)
P. Pillatsch, E.M. Yeatman, A.S. Holmes, Sens. Actuators A 206, 178 (2014)
W. Wang, J. Cao, N. Zhang, J. Lin, W.H. Liao, Energy Convers. Manag. 132, 189 (2017)
M.A. Halim, H. Cho, J.Y. Park, Energy Convers. Manag. 106, 393 (2015)
K. Ylli, D. Hoffmann, A. Willmann, P. Becker, B. Folkmer, Y. Manoli, Smart Mater. Struct. 24, 025029 (2015)
B.J. Bowers, D.P. Arnold, J. Micromech. Microeng. 19, 094008 (2009)
V. Nico, E. Boco, R. Frizzell, J. Punch, Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 013902 (2016)
V. Nico, R. Frizzell, J. Punch, Smart Mater. Struct. 26, 045029 (2017)
D. Zhu, S. Beeby, J. Tudor, N. Harris, Smart Mater. Struct. 21, 075020 (2012)
X. Tang, T. Lin, L. Zuo, IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics 19, 615 (2014)
Y. Kraftmakher, Eur. J. Phys. 28, 409 (2007)
F. Cottone, R. Frizzell, S. Goyal, G. Kelly, J. Punch, J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 25, 443 (2014)
Pervasive Nation. Pervasive Nation Ireland’s Internet of Things Testbed, available at https://connectcentre.ie/pervasive-nation/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nico, V., Punch, J. Two-degree-of-freedom velocity-amplified vibrational energy harvester for human motion applications. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 228, 1647–1657 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-800126-3
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-800126-3