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Effect of dark matter haloes on the orbital and escape dynamics of barred galaxies

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Abstract

This work examines the effect of dark matter haloes on the fate of bar-driven escaping patterns in disc galaxies. In this study, a three-dimensional gravitational model with a strong bar profile has been considered and examined separately for the following dark halo profiles: NFW and oblate. These profiles are chosen to model massive and low-mass disc galaxies, respectively. In both cases, a bar-driven escape mechanism has been identified near the saddle points of the phase space, which correspond to the bar ends. This bar-driven escaping motion has been analysed via orbital and Poincaré surface section maps. Moreover, with a choice of initial condition in the vicinity of escape saddles, the variation of its maximal Lyapunov exponent value against the dark halo parameters such as mass, size, circular velocity and nature has been studied. This helps to determine the sensitivity of the bar-driven escaping patterns to the dark halo parameters. Our results state that NFW dark haloes support the formation of bar-driven grand design spiral arms (as we have seen in massive disc galaxies) only if there is an excess energy generation source other than the baryonic feedback generated due to the accretion of the central supermassive black hole. In this regard, active galaxies might be one of the potential contenders where NFW profiles may be a better fit for modelling dark haloes. On the other hand, oblate dark haloes support the formation of bar-driven less prominent spiral arms in low-mass disc galaxies like S0, ultra-compact dwarfs, etc.

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Data Availability Statement

The manuscript does not have any data attached to it.

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Acknowledgements

This research work is supported by a Senior Research Fellowship (ID - 1263/(CSIRNETJUNE2019)) of the University Grants Commission of India, provided to the author DM. Moreover, we would also like to thank Ms. Suparna Sau (Senior Research Fellow, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta) for several productive discussions over the MATLAB graphics in this article. We also thank the anonymous referee for their insightful remarks and ideas, which significantly improved the content of the work. This work is dedicated to the memory of co-author TC (Prof. Tanuka Chattopadhyay, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta), who died during the revision process of this work on 16th October 2023.

Funding

The author DM was supported by a Senior Research Fellowship grant from the University Grants Commission (UGC), India (ID - 1263/(CSIRNETJUNE2019)).

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Author notes

  1. The authors Debasish Mondal and Tanuka Chattopadhyay have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Karakambadi Road, Tirupati, 517507, India

    Debasish Mondal

  2. Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India

    Debasish Mondal & Tanuka Chattopadhyay

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  1. Debasish Mondal
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  2. Tanuka Chattopadhyay
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Both DM and TC had equally contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis and writing.

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Correspondence to Debasish Mondal.

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Tanuka Chattopadhyay: Deceased.

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Mondal, D., Chattopadhyay, T. Effect of dark matter haloes on the orbital and escape dynamics of barred galaxies. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 138, 1144 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04715-6

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