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Numerical simulation of mixed convection in a lid-driven trapezoidal cavity with flexible bottom wall and filled with a hybrid nanofluid

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Abstract

Mixed convection in a lid-driven trapezoidal cavity with flexible bottom wall and filled with a hybrid nanofluid is analyzed numerically in this study. Hybrid nanofluid that is a combination of Al2O3-Cu/Water is employed in this investigation. Finite element analysis is utilized in this study using the fluid–structure-interface Multiphysics of COMSOL. The results presented in this investigation showed that both Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles significantly affect flow and heat transfer characteristics inside the cavity. The results revealed that FSI model has more profound effect on the heat transfer compared with rigid wall model. Further, the present results showed that FSI was more feasible to enhance heat transfer compared with the addition of nanoparticles. This study confirms the promising applications of FSI model in enhancing heat transfer characteristics.

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Abbreviations

c p :

Specific heat

\(\user2{\ddot{d}}_{s}\) :

Acceleration of the solid domain

E*:

Elasticity

\({\mathbf{f}}_{s}^{B}\) :

Solid body force

g :

Gravity

Gr:

Grashof number

k :

Thermal conductivity

p :

Pressure

Pr:

Prandtl number

Re:

Reynolds number

u :

Velocity vector

u :

X-component velocity

U :

Non-dimensional velocity in X-direction

T :

Temperature

v :

y-velocity component

V :

Non-dimensional velocity in Y-direction

w :

Mesh velocity

x,y :

Coordinates

ρ :

Density

β :

Thermal expansion coefficient

\(\varvec\phi\) :

Volume fraction

\(\mu\) :

Viscosity

C :

Cold

H :

Hot

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

s :

Solid

1:

Al2O3

2:

Cu

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, 13060, Safat, Kuwait

    Bader Alshuraiaan

  2. Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Ioan Pop

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  1. Bader Alshuraiaan
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Correspondence to Bader Alshuraiaan.

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Alshuraiaan, B., Pop, I. Numerical simulation of mixed convection in a lid-driven trapezoidal cavity with flexible bottom wall and filled with a hybrid nanofluid. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 580 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01349-4

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