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Controlled nucleation of point defects on a disclination line near a free surface during smectic-A-to-nematic directional melting

Abstract:

A disclination line populated with point defects that break the translational symmetry forms near a free nematic (N) interface in a confined geometry. The disclination line is, however, absent in the smectic-A phase (SmA). We use this fact to control the formation of point defect distributions on a disclination line by directional melting of the SmA phase in a temperature gradient. A threshold velocity ( v th) exists below which a defect-free disclination line is formed. The frequency of nucleation of point defects increases steadily for v > v th and exhibits a remarkable regularity. We derive an empirical scaling for v th in terms of the experimental tuning parameters. We propose a simple model that allows to understand the formation of the point defects.

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Received 1 October 2002 / Published online: 15 April 2003

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ID="a"Permanent address: Departament de Quımica Fısica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martı i Franquès 1, Barcelona 08028, Spain; e-mail: jignes@qf.ub.es

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Ignés-Mullol, J., Scurtu, L. & Oswald, P. Controlled nucleation of point defects on a disclination line near a free surface during smectic-A-to-nematic directional melting. Eur. Phys. J. E 10, 281–288 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2002-10116-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2002-10116-y

  • PACS. 61.30.Jf Defects in liquid crystals – 61.30.Pq Microconfined liquid crystals: droplets, cylinders, randomly confined liquid crystals, polymer dispersed liquid crystals, and porous systems – 64.70.Md Transitions in liquid crystals – 61.30.Hn Surface phenomena: alignment, anchoring, anchoring transitions, surface-induced layering, surface-induced ordering, wetting, prewetting transitions, and wetting transitions