Abstract
Today’s reality is connected with mitigation of threats from the new chemical and biological warfare agents. A novel investigation of cold plasmas in contact with liquids presented in this paper demonstrated that the chemically reactive environment produced by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) is potentially capable of rapid destruction of chemical warfare agents in a broad spectrum. The decontamination of three different chemical warfare agent surrogates dissolved in liquid is investigated by using an easily transportable APPJ. The jet is powered by a kHz signal source connected to a low-voltage DC source and with He as working gas. The detailed investigation of electrical properties is performed for various plasmas at different distances from the sample. The measurements of plasma properties in situ are supported by the optical spectrometry measurements, whereas the high performance liquid chromatography measurements before and after the treatment of aqueous solutions of Malathion, Fenitrothion and Dimethyl Methylphosphonate. These solutions are used to evaluate destruction and its efficiency for specific neural agent simulants. The particular removal rates are found to be from 56% up to 96% during 10 min treatment. The data obtained provide basis to evaluate APPJ’s efficiency at different operating conditions. The presented results are promising and could be improved with different operating conditions and optimization of the decontamination process.
Graphical abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y.C. Yang, J.A. Baker, J. Richard Ward, Chem. Rev. 92, 1729 (1992)
H.W. Herrmann, I. Henins, J. Park, G.S. Selwyn, Phys. Plasmas 6, 2284 (1999)
T. Hirakawa, N. Mera, T. Sano, N. Negishi, K. Takeuchi, J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 129, 71 (2009)
C. Bisio, F. Carniato, C. Palumbo, S.L. Safronyuk, M.F. Starodub, A.M. Katsev, L. Marchese, M. Guidotti, Catal. Today 277, 192 (2016)
A. Fridman, A. Chirokov, A. Gutsol, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 38, R1 (2005)
C. Tendero, C. Tixier, P. Tristant, J. Desmaison, P. Leprince, Spectrochim. Acta B 61, 2 (2006)
N. Puač, M. Miletić, M. Mojović, A. Popović-Bijelić, D. Vuković, B. Miličić, D. Maletić, S. Lazović, G. Malović, Z.Lj. Petrović, Open Chem. 13, 332 (2015)
J.L. Zimmermann, T. Shimizu, H.U. Schmidt, Y.F. Li, G.E. Morfill, G. Isbary, New J. Phys. 14, 073037 (2012)
G. Fridman, G. Friedman, A. Gutsol, A.B. Shekhter, V.N. Vasilets, A. Fridman, Plasma Proc. Polym. 5, 503 (2008)
U. Cvelbar, M. Mozetic, N. Hauptman, M. Klanjsek-Gunde, J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103303 (2009)
M. Moisan, J. Barbeau, S. Moreau, J. Pelletier, M. Tabrizian, L.H. Yahia, Int. J. Pharm. 226, 1 (2001)
T. Vukusic, M. Shi, Z. Herceg, S. Rogers, P. Estifaee, S.M. Thagard, Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol. 38, 407 (2016)
M. Magureanu, N.B. Mandache, V.I. Parvulescu, Water Res. 81, 124 (2015)
E.J. Klimova, F. Krcma, L. Jonisova, Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 24709 (2016)
S. Krishna, E. Ceriani, E. Marotta, A. Giardina, P. Špatenka, C. Paradisi, Chem. Eng. J. 292, 35 (2016)
J.E. Foster, Phys. Plasmas 24, 055501 (2017)
Z. Wen-Chao, W. Bai-Rong, X. Hai-Ling, P. Yi-Kang, Plasma Chem. Plasma Process. 30, 381 (2010)
Z. Li, Y. Li, P. Cao, H. Zhao, Plasma Sci. Technol. 15, 696 (2013)
H.W. Herrmann, G.S. Selwyn, I. Henins, J. Park, M. Jeffery, J.M. Williams, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 30, 1460 (2002)
P.J. Bruggeman, M.J. Kushner, B.R. Locke, J.G.E. Gardeniers, W.G. Graham, D.B. Graves, R.C.H.M. Hofman-Caris, D. Maric, J.P. Reid, E. Ceriani, D. Fernandez Rivas, J.E. Foster, S.C. Garrick, Y. Gorbanev, S. Hamaguchi, F. Iza, H. Jablonowski, E. Klimova, J. Kolb, F. Krcma, P. Lukes, Z. Machala, I. Marinov, D. Mariotti, S. Mededovic Thagard, D. Minakata, E.C. Neyts, J. Pawlat, Z.Lj. Petrovic, R. Pflieger, S. Reuter, D.C. Schram, S. Schroeter, M. Shiraiwa, B. Tarabová, P.A. Tsai, J.R.R. Verlet, T. von Woedtke, K.R. Wilson, K. Yasui, G. Zvereva, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 25, 053002 (2016)
I. Adamovich, S. Baalrud, A. Bogaerts, P.J. Bruggeman, M. Cappelli, V. Colombo, U. Czarnetzki, U. Ebert, J.G. Eden, P. Favia, D.B. Graves, S. Hamaguchi, G. Hieftje, M. Hori, I.D. Kaganovich, U. Kortshagen, M.J. Kushner, N.J. Mason, S. Mazouffre, S. Mededovic Thagard, H.-R. Metelmann, A. Mizuno, E. Moreau, A.B. Murphy, B.A. Niemira, G.S. Oehrlein, Z.Lj. Petrovic, L.C. Pitchford, Y.-K. Pu, S. Rauf, O. Sakai, S. Samukawa, S. Starikovskaia, J. Tennyson, K. Terashima, M.M. Turner, M.C.M. van de Sanden, A. Vardelle, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50, 323001 (2017)
M.M. Hefny, C. Pattyn, P. Lukes, J. Benedikt, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 49, 404002 (2016)
S.L. Bartelt-Hunt, D.R.U. Knappe, M.A. Barlaz, Environ. Sci. Technol. 38, 112 (2008)
R.T. Rewick, M.L. Schumacher, D.L. Haynes, Appl. Spectrosc. 40, 152 (1986)
E. Nwankire, V.J. Law, A. Nindrayog, B. Twomey, K. Niemi, V. Milosavljević, W.G. Graham, D.P. Dowling, Plasma Chem. Plasma Process. 30, 537 (2010)
J. Benedikt, S. Hofmann, N. Knake, H. Boettner, R. Reuter, A. von Keudell, V. Schulz-von der Gathen, Eur. Phys. J. D 60, 539 (2010)
Y.S. Seo, A.-A.H. Mohamed, K.C. Woo, H.W. Lee, J.K. Lee, K.T. Kim, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 38, 2954 (2010)
R. Brandenburg, J. Ehlbeck, M. Stieber, T. von Woedtke, J. Zeymer, O. Schlueter, K.-D. Weltmann, Contrib. Plasma Phys. 47, 72 (2007)
A.N. Korbut, V.A. Kelman, Yu.V. Zhmenyak, M.S. Klenovskii, Opt. Spectrosc. 116, 919 (2014)
E. Ilik, T. Akan, Phys. Plasmas 23, 053501 (2016)
G.V. Naidis, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 23, 065014 (2014)
A.V. Nastuta, V. Pohoata, I. Topala, J. Appl. Phys. 113, 183302 (2013)
S. Hofmann, K. van Gils, S. van der Linden, S. Iseni, P. Bruggeman, Eur. Phys. J. D 68, 56 (2014)
X. Damany, S. Pasquiersa, N. Blin-Simiand, G. Bauville, B. Bournonville, M. Fleury, P. Jeanney, J.S. Sousa, Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 24713 (2016)
N. Puač, D. Maletić, S. Lazović, G. Malović, A. Đorđević, Z.Lj. Petrović, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 024103 (2012)
D. Maletić, N. Puač, N. Selaković, S. Lazović, G. Malović, A. Đorđević, Z.Lj. Petrović, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 24, 025006 (2015)
E. Robert, V. Sarron, T. Darny, D. Ries, S. Dozias, J. Fontane, L. Joly, J.-M. Pouvesle, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 23, 012003 (2014)
S. Hofmann, K. van Gils, S. van der Linden, S. Iseni, P. Bruggeman, Eur. Phys. J. D 68, 56 (2014)
A.W. Abu-Qare, M.B. Abou-Donia, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 26, 291 (2001)
B. Jiang, J. Zheng, S. Qiu, M. Wu, Q. Zhang, Z. Yan, Q. Xue, Chem. Eng. J. 236, 348 (2014)
M. Hijosa-Valsero, R. Molina, A. Montràs, M. Müller, J.M. Bayona, Environ. Technol. Rev. 3, 71 (2014)
P. Kuklenyik, Ph.D. thesis, Georgia State University, 2009
H. Ando, Y. Miyata, in Drugs and poisons in humans, edited by O. Suzuki, K. Watanabe (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2005)
S.C. Cho, H.S. Uhm, Y.C. Hong, Y.G. Park, J.S. Park, J. Appl. Phys. 103, 123303 (2008)
T.Z. Tzou, S.W. Weller, J. Catal. 146, 370 (1994)
J. Kruszelnicki, A.M. Lietz, M.J. Kushner, in Proceedings of Intern. Conf. on Plasmas with Liquids-ICPL 2017, Prague, edited by P. Lukes, K. Kolacek (IPP CAS, Prague, 2017), p. 37l
W. Tian, A.M. Lietz, M.J. Kushner, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 25, 055020 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Contribution to the Topical Issue “Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG 2016)”, edited by Goran Poparic, Bratislav Obradovic, Dragana Maric and Aleksandar Milosavljevic.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Škoro, N., Puač, N., Živković, S. et al. Destruction of chemical warfare surrogates using a portable atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 2 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2017-80329-9
Received:
Revised:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2017-80329-9