Abstract
There may be a link between the quantum properties of the vacuum and the parameters describing the properties of light propagation, culminating in a sum over all types of elementary particles existing in Nature weighted only by their squared charges and independent of their masses. The estimate for that sum is of the order of 100.
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Leuchs, G., Sánchez-Soto, L.L. A sum rule for charged elementary particles. Eur. Phys. J. D 67, 57 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-30577-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2013-30577-8