Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Negative ion formation mechanism and velocity distribution in laser desorption/ionization of C60

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal D Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In UV laser desorption/ionization (LDI) of C60, both molecular cations and anions are formed. While the C +60 formation has been discussed in a number of studies and is fairly well understood, the C −60 formation has received less attention. Here, we present measurements of C −60 and C +60 formation and its fluence dependence in UV-LDI of C60 from both metallic and non-metallic substrates. The data show clearly that the C −60 formation is coupled to the C +60 formation, indicating that C −60 is predominantly formed through electron transfer early in the expanding laser desorption plume. The velocity distribution of desorbed C −60 ions was also determined and was found to be best described by two Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions with superimposed stream velocities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H.W. Kroto, J.R. Heath, S.C. O’Brien, R.F. Curl, R.E. Smalley, Nature 318, 162 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. C. Lifshitz, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 200, 423 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. C. Lifshitz, Mass Spectrom. Rev. 12, 261 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. E.E.B. Campbell, R.D. Levine, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 51, 65 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. E.E.B. Campbell, G. Ulmer, I.V. Hertel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1986 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Hansen, O. Echt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2337 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. G. Von Helden, I. Holleman, A.J.A. Van Roij, G.M.H. Knippels, A.F.G. Van der Meer, G. Meijer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1825 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. P. Wurz, K.R. Lykke, J. Phys. Chem. 96, 10129 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. A.C. Jones, M.J. Dale, M.R. Banks, I. Gosney, P.R.R. Langridgesmith, Mol. Phys. 80, 583 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. S. Matejcik, T.D. Mark, P. Spanel, D. Smith, T. Jaffke, E. Illenberger, J. Chem. Phys. 102, 2516 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. L. Wang, J. Conceicao, C. Jin, R. Smalley, Chem. Phys. Lett. 182, 5 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. R.L. Hettich, R.N. Compton, R.H. Ritchie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1242 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. A.V. Streletskii, I.N. Ioffe, S.G. Kotsiris, M.P. Barrow, T. Drewello, S.H. Strauss, O.V. Boltalina, J. Chem. Phys. A 109, 714 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. V.E. Frankevich, J. Zhang, S.D. Friess, M. Dashtiev, R. Zenobi, Anal. Chem. 75, 6063 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. B. Winter, R. Mitzner, C. Kusch, E.E.B. Campbell, I.V. Hertel, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 9179 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. R.D. Beck, P. Weis, J. Rockenberger, M.M. Kappes, J. Chem. Phys. 99, 3990 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. P. Wurz, K.R. Lykke, M.J. Pellin, D.M. Gruen, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 6647 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. L.V. Zhigilei, P.B.S. Kodali, B.J. Garrison, J. Chem. Phys. B 101, 2028 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. V. Frankevich, R. Knochenmuss, R. Zenobi, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 220, 11 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Dashtiev, V. Frankevich, R. Zenobi, J. Chem. Phys. A 110, 926 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. R. Knochenmuss, R. Anal. Chem 76, 3179 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Knochenmuss, Analyst 131, 966 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. D.L. Lichtenberger, K.W. Nebesny, C.D. Ray, D.R. Huffman, L.D. Lamb, Chem. Phys. Lett. 176, 203 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. K. Dreisewerd, Chem. Rev. 103, 395 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. E.E.B. Campbell, G. Ulmer, I.V. Hertel, Z. Phys. D Atom Mol. Cl. 24, 81 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, and Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107, Reykjavk, Iceland

    B. Ómarsson & O. Ingólfsson

  2. Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    I. Bald

Authors
  1. B. Ómarsson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. I. Bald
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. Ingólfsson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to I. Bald or O. Ingólfsson.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ómarsson, B., Bald, I. & Ingólfsson, O. Negative ion formation mechanism and velocity distribution in laser desorption/ionization of C60 . Eur. Phys. J. D 66, 72 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2012-20639-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2012-20639-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation