Abstract.
Low temperature high energy (50 keV) electron diffraction experiments are performed in the both transmission and reflection regimes to study noble gas as well as aluminium clusters formed in nanoporous confinement of `amorphous' carbon films. Results are compared with calculations made for multiply twined particles such as icosahedra (ico) and decahedra (dec) with five-fold symmetry as well as face-centred cubic and hexagonal close-packed clusters. The analysis was based on the comparison of precise experimental and calculated diffracted intensities with the help of the R (reliability) — factor minimization with respect to relative weights wN of model-clusters of different sizes N (numbers of atoms) considered as variables in this procedure. The highly reproducible discrete distribution functions of sizes and structures characterize the suggested method as a good application to a pore medium description. The temperature related effects in the deposition processes as well as the specific growth mechanisms were revealed and discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. Hofmeister, in Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, edited by H.S. Nalwa (American Scientific Publishers, Los Angeles, 2004), V. 3, pp. 431–452
L.D. Marks, Rep. Prog. Phys. 57, 603 (1994)
B. Raoult, J. Farges, M.F. De Feraudy, G. Torchet, Phil. Mag. B 60, 881 (1989)
T.P. Martin, Phys. Rep. 273, 199 (1996)
B.W. van de Waal, The FCC/HCP Dilemma (B.V. Febodruk, Enschede, 1997)
J. Farges, M.F. de Feraudy, B. Raoult, G. Torchet, J. Chem. Phys. 78, 5067 (1983)
J. Farges, M.F. de Feraudy, B. Raoult, G. Torchet, J. Chem. Phys. 84, 3491 (1986)
B.W. van de Waal, G. Torchet, M.-F. de Feraudy, Chem. Phys. Lett. 331, 57 (2000)
M.-F. de Feraudy, G. Torchet, J. Cryst. Growth 217, 449 (2000)
B.W. van de Waal, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 4909 (1993)
T. Ikeshoji, G. Torchet, M.-F. de Feraudy, K. Koga, Phys. Rev. E 63, 031101 (2001)
O.G. Danylchenko, S.I. Kovalenko, V.N. Samovarov, Fiz. Nizk. Temp. 30, 986 (2004) [Low Temp. Phys. 30, 743 (2004)]
O.G. Danylchenko, S.I. Kovalenko, V.N. Samovarov, Fiz. Nizk. Temp. 30, 226 (2004) [Low Temp. Phys. 30, 166 (2004)]
S.I. Kovalenko, D.D. Solnyshkin, E.T. Verkhovtseva, V.V. Eremenko, Chem. Phys. Lett. 250, 309 (1996)
D. Reinhard, B.D. Hall, P. Berthoud, S. Valkealahti, R. Monot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1459 (1997)
D. Reinhard, B.D. Hall, D. Ugarte, R. Monot, Phys. Rev. B 55, 7868 (1997)
D. Reinhard, B.D. Hall, P. Berthoud, S. Valkealahti, R. Monot, Phys. Rev. B 58, 4917 (1998)
V. Kiryukhin, B. Keimer, R.E. Boltnev, V.V. Khmelenko, E.B. Gordon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1774 (1997)
S.I. Kiselev, V.V. Khmelenko, D.M. Lee, V. Kiryukhin, R.E. Boltnev, E.B. Gordon, B. Keimer, Phys. Rev. B 65, 024517 (2001)
E.P. Bernard, R.E. Boltnev, V.V. Khmelenko, V. Kiryukhin, S.I. Kiselev, D.M. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 69, 104201 (2004)
D.W. Brown, P.E. Sokol, S.N. Ehrlich, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1019 (1998)
T. Hofmann, D. Wallacher, P. Huber, K. Knorr, J. Low Temp. Phys. 140, 91 (2005)
P. Huber, K. Knorr, Phys. Rev. B 60, 12657 (1999)
M.P. Fang, P.E. Sokol, Phys. Rev. B 52, 12614 (1995)
B. Schäfer, D. Balszunat, W. Langel, B. Asmussen, Mol. Phys. 89 (1996) 1057
D. Wallacher, P. Huber, K. Knorr, J. Low Temp. Phys. 122, 313 (2001)
D.E. Silva, P.E. Sokol, S.N. Ehrlich, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 155701 (2002)
N.V. Krainyukova, B.W. van de Waal, Thin Solid Films 459, 169 (2004)
N.V. Krainyukova, Surf. Interf. Anal. 38, 469 (2006)
N.V. Krainyukova, Thin Solid Films 515, 2792 (2006)
E. Barborini, P. Piseri, P. Milani, G. Benedek, C. Ducati, J. Robertson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3359 (2002)
S.J. Townsend, T.J. Lenosky, D.A. Muller, C.S. Nickols, V. Elser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 921 (1992)
A.L. Mackay, Acta Cryst. 15, 916 (1962)
L.D. Marks, Phil. Mag. A 49, 81 (1984)
N.V. Krainyukova, Thin Solid Films 515, 1658 (2006)
N.V. Krainyukova, AIP Proceedings 850, 390 (2006) (the 24th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics, Orlando, Florida, August 10–17, 2005)
J.A. Venables, G.D.T. Spiller, M. Hanbücken, Rep. Progr. Phys. 47, 399 (1984)
J.A. Venables, D.J. Ball, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond A 322, 331 (1971)
A. Esztermann, M. Heni, H. Löwen, J. Klier, M. Sohaili, P. Leiderer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 055702 (2002)
F.T. Gittes, M. Schick, Phys. Rev. B 30, 209 (1984)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Krainyukova, N., Belan, V. Noble gas and metal clusters in carbon nanopores: from models to applications. Eur. Phys. J. D 43, 169–172 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2007-00077-9
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2007-00077-9