Skip to main content
Log in

Random walks on dual Sierpinski gaskets

  • Interdisciplinary Physics
  • Regular Article
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We study an unbiased random walk on dual Sierpinski gaskets embedded in d-dimensional Euclidean spaces. We first determine the mean first-passage time (MFPT) between a particular pair of nodes based on the connection between the MFPTs and the effective resistance. Then, by using the Laplacian spectra, we evaluate analytically the global MFPT (GMFPT), i.e., MFPT between two nodes averaged over all node pairs. Concerning these two quantities, we obtain explicit solutions and show how they vary with the number of network nodes. Finally, we relate our results for the case of d = 2 to the well-known Hanoi Towers problem.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Havlin, D. ben-Avraham, Adv. Phys. 36, 695 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. J.P. Bouchaud, A. Georges, Phys. Rep. 195, 127 (1990)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. V. Balakrishnan, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 32, 201 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D. Ben-Avraham, S. Havlin, Diffusion and Reactions in Fractals and Disordered Media (Cambridge Universiy Press, Cambridge, 2000)

  5. G. Lois, J. Blawzdziewicz, C.S. OHern, Phys. Rev. E 81, 051907 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. D.S. Banks, C. Fradine, Biophys. J. 89, 2960 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. M.G. Velarde, A.P. Chetverikov, W. Ebeling, D. Hennig, J.J. Kozak, Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 20, 185 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. van Amerongen, L. Valkunas, R. van Grondelle, Photosynthetic Excitons (World Scientific, Singapore, 2000)

  9. L.K. Gallos, C. Song, S. Havlin, H.A. Makse, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 7746 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Almaas, B. Kovacs, T. Vicsek, Z.N. Oltvai, A.-L. Barabási, Nature (London) 427, 839 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. B. Mandlebrot, The Fractal Geometry of Nature (Freeman, San Francisco, 1982)

  12. K.J. Falconer, Fractal Geometry: Mathematical Foundations and Applications (Wiley, Chichester, 2003)

  13. J. Aguirre, R.L. Viana, M.A.F. Sanjuán, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 333 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. W. Sierpinski, Comptes Rendus 160, 302 (1915)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. S.-C. Chang, L.-C. Chen, W.-S. Yang, J. Stat. Phys. 126, 649 (2007)

    Article  ADS  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. S.-C. Chang, L.-C. Chen, J. Stat. Phys. 131, 631 (2008)

    Article  ADS  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. R. Rammal, J. Phys. 45, 191 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. R.A. Guyer, Phys. Rev. A 29, 2751 (1984)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. J.J. Kozak, V. Balakrishnan, Phys. Rev. E 65, 021105 (2002)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. J.J. Kozak, V. Balakrishnan, Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 12, 2379 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. C.P. Haynes, A.P. Roberts, Phys. Rev. E 78, 041111 (2008)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. D. Dhar, A. Dhar, Phys. Rev. E 55, 2093(R) (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Z.P. Lin, Y.J. Cao, Y.Y. Liu, Phys. Rev. B 66, 045311 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. W.A. Schwalm, M.K. Schwalm, M. Giona, Phys. Rev. E 55, 6741 (1997)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. A. Adrover, W. Schwalm, M. Giona, D. Bachand, Phys. Rev. E 55, 7304 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Romik, SIAM J. Discret Math. 20, 610 (2006)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. S. Elezović-Hadžić, D. Marčetić, S. Maletić, Phys. Rev. E 76, 011107 (2007)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. E. Agliari, A. Blumen, O. Mülken, J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 41, 445301 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. J. Dudowicz, J.F. Douglas, K.F. Freed, J. Chem. Phys. 130, 224906 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Weber, J. Klafter, A. Blumen, Phys. Rev. E 82, 051129 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. R. Rammal, G. Toulouse, J. Phys. Lett. (France) 44, L13 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J.D. Noh, H. Rieger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 118701 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. S. Condamin, O. Bénichou, V. Tejedor, R. Voituriez, J. Klafter, Nature (London) 450, 77 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. S. Redner, A Guide to First-Passage Processes (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2001)

  35. R. Metzler, J. Klafter, J. Phys. A 37, R161 (2004)

    Article  ADS  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. R. Burioni, D. Cassi, J. Phys. A 38, R45 (2005)

    Article  ADS  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. C. Rao, S. Mitra, Generalized Inverse of Matrices and Its Applications (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1971)

  38. A.G. Cantú, E. Abad, Phys. Rev. E 77, 031121 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. Z.Z. Zhang, Y. Qi, S.G. Zhou, S.Y. Gao, J.H. Guan, Phys. Rev. E 81, 016114 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. P.G. Doyle, J.L. Snell, Random Walks and Electric Networks (The Mathematical Association of America, Oberlin, OH, 1984), e-print arXiv:math.PR/0001057

  41. A.K. Chandra, P. Raghavan, W.L. Ruzzo, R. Smolensky, in Proceedings of the 21st Annnual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing (ACM Press, New York, 1989), pp. 574–586

  42. P. Tetali, J. Theor. Probab. 4, 101 (1991)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. E. Agliari, Phys. Rev. E 77, 011128 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. Y. Lin, B. Wu, Z.Z. Zhang, Phys. Rev. E 82, 031140 (2010)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. Z.Z. Zhang, Y. Lin, S.G. Zhou, B. Wu, J.H. Guan, New J. Phys. 11, 103043 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. I. Gutman, B. Mohar, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 36, 982 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. H.-Y. Zhu, D.J. Klein, I. Lukovits, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 36, 420 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. M.G. Cosenza, R. Kapral, Phys. Rev. A 46, 1850 (1992)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. U. Marini, B. Marconi, A. Petri, J. Phys. A 30, 1069 (1997)

    Article  ADS  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  50. R. Grigorchuk, Z. Šuniḱ, C.R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris 342, 545 (2006)

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  51. A.M. Hinz, Enseign. Math. 35, 289 (1989)

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  52. X.M. Lu, Int. J. Computer Math. 14, 199 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. A.M. Hinz, Inform. Sci. 63, 173 (1992)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhongzhi Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wu, S., Zhang, Z. & Chen, G. Random walks on dual Sierpinski gaskets. Eur. Phys. J. B 82, 91–96 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2011-20338-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2011-20338-0

Keywords

Navigation