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Population Migration for the Development of the Russian Arctic: Features and Capabilities

  • POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
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Abstract—

This article presents the results of the analysis of the volumes and directions of migration flows of the population to nine Arctic regions of Russia. Federal subjects of Russia with an excess working population are identified based on statistic data on the status of regional labor markets. The hypothesis of the role of labor-surplus regions in the supply of the Arctic with human resources is tested. The analysis is based on data from the official statistical reports of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) on interregional migration of the population at ages of 14 years and older. Qualitative aspects of the population migration to the Arctic are analyzed with respect to the reasons for the change of migrants’ place of residence and the level of their education. The geographical structure of migration flows to the Arctic regions is determined based on summary information, using statistical analysis methods. The results of the analysis show that only a small share of the total migration flow from 15 labor-surplus regions is directed to the Arctic. It has been revealed that labor-surplus regions are characterized by a positive balance of population migration to the Arctic unlike other regions of Russia. It is shown based on the example of the Republic of Dagestan that the regions of the North Caucasus may be suppliers of labor resources for the Arctic regions of Russia. Fifteen Russian regions with the largest annual number of migrants to the Arctic have been identified. The results of the study may be used by relevant authorities for the implementation of policy aimed at attracting labor resources to the Arctic regions.

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Notes

  1. Investment portal of the Arctic zone of Russia. https://investarctic.com/.

  2. Information about the arrived citizens of the Russian Federation: State statistical reporting form no. 1-PRIB / The Main Interregional Center of Rosstat. M., 2019.

  3. Results of a sample survey of the workforce. https://rosstat.gov.ru/compendium/document/13265. Accessed March 12, 2021.

  4. Information on underemployment and movement of workers: Federal Statistical Observation Form no. P-4 (NZ) / The Main Interregional Center of Rosstat. M., 2019.

  5. An example of methods for calculating the integral parameter is given in (Pakhomov et al., 2016).

  6. Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. https://mintrud.gov.ru/ministry/programms/inform/5. Accessed March 12, 2021.

  7. Arctic development Portal “GOARCTIC.” https://goarctic.ru/opinions/sankt-peterburg-kak-lokomotiv-razvitiya-arktiki/. Accessed March 12, 2021.

  8. The borders of Russia are considered in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted by popular vote on December 12, 1993, with amendments approved during the All-Russian vote on July 1, 2020.

  9. Every fifth hectare in the Arctic is received by a resident of the non-Arctic region. arctic-russia.ru/news/kazhdyy-pyatyy-gektar-v-arktike-poluchaet-zhitel-nearkticheskogo-regiona/.

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Funding

The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22-78-10148 “Motivational drivers in the dynamics of human resource flows in the Russian Arctic: trends, challenges, prospects.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Budget Monitoring Center, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia

    I. S. Stepus, V. A. Gurtov & A. O. Averyanov

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  1. I. S. Stepus
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  2. V. A. Gurtov
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  3. A. O. Averyanov
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Correspondence to I. S. Stepus, V. A. Gurtov or A. O. Averyanov.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by I. Bel’chenko

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Stepus, I.S., Gurtov, V.A. & Averyanov, A.O. Population Migration for the Development of the Russian Arctic: Features and Capabilities. Reg. Res. Russ. 12, 483–494 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079970522700149

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