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How Express Trains from Moscow Affect Population Mobility

  • POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
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Abstract

The paper is devoted to assessing the impact of passenger railway transport increasing speed on change in the conditions of commuting. The role of commuting in the composition of settlement relationships is considered on the example of transport directions from Moscow to Tver, Nizhny Novgorod, Oryol, Belgorod, and Kursk, on which projects for a significant speed increase of railway traffic were implemented in the 2010s. The data on the dynamics of passenger traffic for different types of trains and the results of sociological surveys of regional express trains’ passengers in the selected directions serve as the informational base for assessing the conditions for the transformation of settlement systems through changes in the railway transport. The improved accessibility to transport between Moscow and several regional centers due to the launch of express trains has affected the spatial behavior of residents of these regions in different ways. Conclusions are made on the effect of the technical and economic parameters of the speed increase in rail transport, the established settlement system, and other geographical parameters of the territory on the transformation of rail links. Due to these factors, the effects of speed increase have manifested themselves unequally in the considered directions. It is shown that they are observed most clearly in the territories where the increasing speed has made it possible to implement the potential of intra-agglomeration mobility (Tver) and less noticeably on routes of medium length involving inter-agglomeration (Nizhny Novgorod) links. Some cities (Oryol, Kursk, and Belgorod) are characterized by a restrained effect of the speed increase in rail transport on the change in the commuting, which is sensitive to the distance from the capital and to the potential of migration.

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Notes

  1. The Moscow–St. Petersburg route is not considered in the article.

  2. The travel time by air is 4 h 30 min, and the travel time on a speed train is 3 h 48 min (+15 min on the fastest type of transport from the city center). The travel time by was calculated making allowance for the average daily time of travel from the city center to the airport and the time required to pass through all registration procedures before a flight (on average 1.5 h).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infrastructure Economics Centre, 129110, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Romashina

  2. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Romashina

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  1. A. A. Romashina
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Correspondence to A. A. Romashina.

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Translated by L. Solovyova

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Romashina, A.A. How Express Trains from Moscow Affect Population Mobility. Reg. Res. Russ. 11, 61–70 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079970520040085

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