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Microevolutionary differentiation of cereal tetraploid species by the formation of recombinant genomes

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Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research

Abstract

The process of the microevolutionary differentiation of cereals by the formation of recombinant genomes was studied in dynamics (F6–F17) with tetraploid wheatrye amphidiploids as examples. Evidence that jointly growing tetraploid amphidiploids having a common (pivotal) genome in their composition and differing in secondary (differential) genomes leads to their hybridization with a high degree of probability has been found. The forms developed are characterized by a very wide range of variability caused by different combinations of chromosomes and chromosome segments in differential genomes; however, they maintain the same structure of the pivotal genome. Intergenomic recombinations at the level of intact chromosomes were characteristic of homeologous groups with a high rate of stabilization of the chromosomal composition, and recombinations at the level of chromosomal segments, of groups with a low stabilization rate, where the heterologous chromosome pairs remained preserved for a long time. The dominance of the regulatory genetic systems of the pivotal genome provides a high pairing level of homeologs from heterologous pairs in meiosis followed by intergenomic recombinations at the level of chromosome segments. The experimental data suggest that newly developed tetraploid forms interbreed easily forming a single hybrid zone, where the permanent redistribution of the genetic material of differential genomes and the further range expansion of the genotypic variability available to selection take place during the alternation of generations, resulting in such a zone becoming a potential centre of speciation. The subsequent adaptive radiation of hybrid material in an ecologically separated environment occurs by the selection of forms with different variants of the recombinant genome in various ecological niches.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Genetics and Cytology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus

    N. I. Dubovets & Ye. A. Sycheva

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  1. N. I. Dubovets
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Correspondence to N. I. Dubovets.

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Original Russian Text © N.I. Dubovets, Ye.A. Sycheva, 2016, published in Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii, 2016, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 378–385.

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Dubovets, N.I., Sycheva, Y.A. Microevolutionary differentiation of cereal tetraploid species by the formation of recombinant genomes. Russ J Genet Appl Res 7, 327–334 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059717030030

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