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Changes in a Number of Characteristics of Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg) during Invasion into Anthropogenically Disturbed Areas of the Highlands

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Abstract

Chromosome count, plant height, number of inflorescences per plant, number of seeds per inflorescence, seed weight, germination, and germination energy of plant seeds growing at altitudes of 200, 600, 1300, 2050, 2700, and 3050 m above sea level (Central Caucasus) were studied. The studies were conducted in 2013, 2014, and 2018 at the same sampling points. Chromosome counts were determined by the cytogenetic method. In the T. officinale species, highly polyploid specimens predominate in populations when invading anthropogenically disturbed territories of the highlands. Polyploid plants are larger in size compared to their low ploidy predecessors, but in high-altitude, selection is aimed at preserving smaller phenotypes. The increase in seed mass characteristic of polyploid plants was supported by natural selection and in conditions of highlands. Germination and germination energy did not change with the increase in altitude.

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Funding

This work was carried out within the framework of the topic “Study of the Dynamics of the Composition of Natural Waters of the North Caucasus Depending on the Altitudinal Zonality and Bioindication of the Influence of Highland Conditions on Living Organisms.” Registration number AAAA-A19-119011890119-7.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kabardino-Balkar Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 360010, Nalchik, Russia

    N. V. Reutova, M. B. Mallaeva, F. R. Dreeva & T. V. Reutova

  2. Chechen State University, 364037, Grozny, Russia

    P. M. Dzhambetova

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  1. N. V. Reutova
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  2. M. B. Mallaeva
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  3. F. R. Dreeva
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  4. T. V. Reutova
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  5. P. M. Dzhambetova
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Correspondence to N. V. Reutova or P. M. Dzhambetova.

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.Statement of the welfare of humans or animals. The article does not contain any studies involving humans or animals in experiments performed by any of the authors.

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Reutova, N.V., Mallaeva, M.B., Dreeva, F.R. et al. Changes in a Number of Characteristics of Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg) during Invasion into Anthropogenically Disturbed Areas of the Highlands. Russ J Biol Invasions 14, 389–397 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075111723030153

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