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Impact of Low Salinity on Hemocytes Morphology and Functional Aspects in Alien Clam Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906)

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Abstract

The impact of low salinity on morphology and function of hemocytes in ark clam species Anadara kagoshimensis was investigated using light microscopy and flow cytometry. In the control group, the water salinity was adjusted to 19.6‰, and the experimental group was maintained at 14.8 and 8.8‰. Two cell types, amebocytes and erythrocytes, were identified in control group of ark clams. Erythrocytes constituted the main type of the cells; their share was 92.3 ± 3.9%. Hyposalinity changed that proportion: the number of amebocytes decreased by 2.7 times and number of erythrocytes increased by 7.6 times. Morphometric characteristics of hemocytes did not show statistically significant changes. As the salinity decreased, the number of erythrocyte ghosts in hemolymph increased (by 3.5 times at salinity of 8.8‰) and, in hemocytes, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production grew (by 3.5 times at salinity of 8.8‰).

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Funding

This study was carried out with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific project no. 19-34-50080, and also partly within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal Research Center Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas (registration number AAAA-A 18-118021490093-4—light optical microscopy).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences, 299011, Sevastopol, Russia

    E. S. Kladchenko, A. Yu. Andreyeva, T. A. Kukhareva, V. N. Rychkova & A. A. Soldatov

  2. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223, St. Petersburg, Russia

    E. S. Kladchenko & I. V. Mindukshev

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  1. E. S. Kladchenko
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Correspondence to E. S. Kladchenko.

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Statement on the welfare of animals. All experimental protocols were carried out in accordance with the EU guidelines for the use and care of laboratory animals (86/609/CEE) and in compliance with the rules approved by the order of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences of April 2, 1980, no. 12000-496 and the order of the USSR Ministry of Higher Education of September 13, 1984, no. 22. Every effort was made to use only the minimum number of animals necessary to obtain reliable scientific evidence.

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Kladchenko, E.S., Andreyeva, A.Y., Kukhareva, T.A. et al. Impact of Low Salinity on Hemocytes Morphology and Functional Aspects in Alien Clam Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906). Russ J Biol Invasions 12, 203–212 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075111721020089

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