Abstract
The effect of the duration of electrochemical anodic oxidation on the formation of nanoporous anodic oxide films on high-purity aluminum (99.99%) in a sulfuric acid solution is studied. The resulting oxide film is analyzed using an atomic force microscope. The method of photoelectric polarization (PEP) and X-ray analysis revealed that these films are sesquioxides of aluminum with variable compositions, nonstoichiometry due to a metal deficiency, and p-type conductivity. The mechanism of the formation of a regular nanoporous oxide structure that results from the nonstoichiometry relation and the intrinsic formation of defects in the oxide is proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Keller, F., Hunter, H., and Robinson, D., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1953, vol. 100, no. 9, p. 411.
Hunter, M.S. and Fowle, H., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1954, vol. 101, no. 9, p. 481.
Tomashov, N.D. and Zalivalov, F.P., in Korroziya metallov i splavov (Corrosion of Metals and Alloys), Moscow: Metallurgizdat, 1963, p. 194.
Mcginnis, S.P., Cleary, J.N., and Das, B., Mater. Res. Soc., 1997, vol. 452, p. 299.
Yin, A.J., Li, J., Jian, W., et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2001, vol. 79, no. 7, p. 1039.
Masuda, H. and Fukuda, K., Science, 1995, vol. 268, p. 1466.
Macak, J.M., Tsuchiya, H., Ghicov, A., et al., Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci., 2007, vol. 11, nos. 1–2, pp. 3–18.
Masuda, H. and Saton, V., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1996, vol. 35, p. L126.
Masuda, H., Vanagishita, T., Yasui, K., et al., Adv. Mater., 2001, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 189.
Chu, S.Zhu., Jnoue, S., Wada, K., et al., Langmuir, 2005, vol. 21, p. 8035.
Shcherbakov, A.I., Skvortsova, I.B., Zolotorevskii, V.I., et al., Fizikokhim. Poverkhnost. Zashch. Mater., 2009, vol. 45, no. 1, p. 71 [Prot. Met. Phys. Chem. Surf. (Engl. Transl.), vol. 45, no. 1, p. 67].
Oshe, E.K., Sov. Sci. Rev. B: Chem. Rev., 1987, vol. 8, p. 219.
Oshe, E.K. and Rozenfel’d, I.L., Itogi Nauki Tekh., Ser.: Korroz. Zashch. Korroz., 1978, vol. 7, p. 111.
Kroger, F.A., The Chemistry of Imperfect Crystals, Amsterdam: North Holland, 1974, vol. 2, p. 14.
Kofstad, P., Nonstoichiometry, Diffusion, and Electrical Conductivity in Binary Metal Oxides, New York: Wiley, 1972 [Moscow: Mir, 1975, p. 366].
Tret’yakov, Yu.D., Khimiya nestekhiometricheskikh okislov (Chemistry of Nonstoichiometric Oxides), Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ., 1974, p. 294.
Kofstad, P., High-Temperature Oxidation of Metals, New York: Wiley, 1966 [Moscow: Mir, 1969, p. 275].
Hauffe, K., Reaktionen in und an Festen Stoffen, Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1955 [Moscow: Inostrannaya Literatura, 1963, part 2, p. 249].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.I. Shcherbakov, E.K. Oshe, I.B. Skvortsova, G.P. Chernova, V.I. Zolotarevskii, 2011, published in Fizikokhimiya Poverkhnosti i Zashchita Materialov, 2011, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 176–180.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shcherbakov, A.I., Oshe, E.K., Skvortsova, I.B. et al. Formation of nanoporous anodic films on pure aluminum in sulfuric acid. Prot Met Phys Chem Surf 47, 203–207 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205111020171
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205111020171