Abstract
We consider the squaring map over the p-adic numbers for an odd prime p, and study its symbolic dynamics on the unit circle in ℤ p , the p-adic integers. When the map is restricted to the set of squares, we show an equivalence to angle doubling (mod 1) for rational angles. For primes p ≡ 3 (mod 4), this map may be represented as a unitary permutation matrix of the type used in quantum phase estimation.
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Maller, M., Whitehead, J. p-Adic dynamics and angle doubling. P-Adic Num Ultrametr Anal Appl 5, 14–21 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070046613010020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070046613010020