Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hybrid Polyurethane–Inorganic Thermal Insulation: Fire Hazard and Thermo-Oxidative Decomposition

  • Published:
Polymer Science, Series D Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A comparative analysis of the properties of two samples of hybrid polyurethane–inorganic thermal insulation is presented. The indicators of their fire danger are determined by standard methods. Both samples are moderately combustible materials of group G2 according to GOST (State Standard) 30244–94 belong to the group of inflammable materials B3 according to GOST (State Standard) 30402–96 and exhibit moderate smoke generation ability in smoldering mode (group D2) according to GOST (State Standard) 12.1.044–89. It has been established that thermal-insulation samples retain their shape when heated under dynamic conditions in air up to 850°C. Shrinkage was up to 25–29% in different temperature ranges due to decomposition of the organic component. Thermal-oxidative decomposition of the investigated samples of hybrid thermal insulation is a multi-stage process. Based on the results of thermal analysis (TG, DTG, DSC) carried out in air at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 100°C/min, the mechanism and macrokinetic parameters of decomposition at each stage were determined. The obtained parameters are used to determine the regime that controls the process of gasification and shrinkage of samples of hybrid thermal insulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. S. Papra, “The future of high-performance polymer foams to 2021,” https://www.smithers.com.

  2. “Polyurethane foam market by type (rigid foam, flexible foam, spray foam), end-use industry (building & construction, bedding & furniture, automotive, electronics, footwear, packaging, others), and region—global forecast to 2025 // markets and markets,” https://www.marketsandmarkets.com.

  3. S. V. Levchik and E. D. Weil, “Thermal decomposition, combustion and fire-retardancy of polyurethanes. A review of the recent literature,” Polymer. Intern. 53, 1585—1610 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.1314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Q. Zhao, C. Chen, et al., “Halogen-free flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam with a nitrogen- phosphorus flame retardant,” J. Fire Sci. 35, 99—117 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/0734904116684363

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. L. Liu, Z. Wang, and X. Xu, “Melamine amino trimethylene phosphate as a novel flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams with improved flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 52, 4700—4712 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45234

  6. M. Modesti et al., “Synergism between flame retardant and modified layered silicate on thermal stability and fire behavior of polyurethane nanocomposite foams,” Polym. Degrad. Stab. 93, 2166—2171 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.08.005

  7. G. Lorusso, F. Conciauro, et al., “Thermal and mechanical performance of rigid polyurethane foams added with commercial nanoparticles,” Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 7, 1–9 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/1847980416684117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Yang et al., “Aluminum hypophosphite in combination with expandable graphite as a novel flame-retardant system for rigid polyurethane foams,” Polym. Adv. Techn. 25, 1034—1043 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.3348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. L. Pomogailo, “Hybrid polymer-inorganic nanocomposites,” Uspekhi Khimii, 69, 69–89 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  10. M. V. Pigaleva, I. V. Elmanovich, M. N. Temnikov, et al., “Organosilicon compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide: Synthesis, polymerization, modification, and production of new materials,” Polym. Sci., Ser. B 58, 235–270 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. L. Verdolotti, M. Lavorgna, et al., “Polyurethane-silica hybrid foam by sol–gel approach: chemical and functional properties,” Polymer 56, 20–28 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.10.017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. E. H. Song, S. H. Jeong, et al., “Polyurethane–silica hybrid foams from one-step foaming reaction coupled with a sol-gel process for enhanced wound healing,” Mater. Sci. Eng. Mater. Biol. Appl. 79, 886–874 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  13. S. Chatterjee, K. Shanmugamathan, and G. Kumaraswany, “Fire retardant, self-extinguishing inorganic/polymer composite memory foams,” ACS Appl. Mater. and Interface 9, 44864–44872 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ch. Mandal et al., “Transparent, mechanically strong, thermally insulating cross-linked silica aerogels for energy efficient windows,” J. Sol-Gel Sci. Techn. 92, 84—100 (2019).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. A. A. Kobelev, E. Yu. Kruglov, Yu. K. Naganovskii, R. M. Aseeva, and B. B. Serko, “Thermal-oxidative destruction of polyisocyanurate foam insulation,” Vse Materialy. Entsiklopedicheskii Spravochnik, No. 11, 31—40 (2018). https://doi.org/10.31044/1994-6260-2018-0-12-31-39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. A. Calgano, C. Di Blasi, et al., “Numerical simulation of the glowing combustion of moist wood by means of a front-based model,” Fire and Materials 38, 639—658 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. B. Peters, A. Dringys, and R. Navakas, “A shrinking model for combustion/gasification of char based on transport and reaction scales,” Mechanica 18, 177—185 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  18. W. Huo, Z. Zhou, F. Wang, and G. Yu, “Mechanism analysis and experimental verification of pore diffusion on coke and coal char gasification with carbon dioxide,” Chem. Eng. J., No. 244, 227—233 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. V. Nesterov, I. N. Bakirova, and Ya. D. Samuilov, “Thermal and thermal-oxidative degradation of polyurethanes: mechanisms of percolation, factors of influence and main methods for improving thermal stability. Review based on materials of domestic and foreign publications,” Vest. Kazan Tekhnol. Univ. Khimiya, No. 14, 10–23 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  20. C. Y. H.Chao and J. H. Wang, “Comparison of the thermal decomposition behavior of a non-fire retarded and a fire retarded flexible polyurethane foam with phosphorus and brominated additives,” J. Fire Sci. 19, 137—135 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1106/Q56W-KUDB-0VRT-6HLF

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 129366, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Kobelev, E. Yu. Kruglov, R. M. Aseeva & B. B. Serkov

Authors
  1. A. A. Kobelev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. Yu. Kruglov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. M. Aseeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. B. B. Serkov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. A. Kobelev.

Additional information

Translated by M. Drozdova

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kobelev, A.A., Kruglov, E.Y., Aseeva, R.M. et al. Hybrid Polyurethane–Inorganic Thermal Insulation: Fire Hazard and Thermo-Oxidative Decomposition. Polym. Sci. Ser. D 15, 715–723 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995421222040451

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995421222040451

Keywords:

Search

Navigation