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Is Aquatic Fern Salvinia natans (Salviniaceae) Rare in Russia?

  • AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNA
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Abstract

Using published and herbarium data, and internet resources, the change in distribution of the aquatic fern Salvinia natans (Salviniaceae) in Russia has been traced since the beginning of 20th century until 2021 and the current boundaries of its range is identified. Among the bioclimatic and temperature indicators that determine the distribution of S. natans, the minimum and maximum temperatures in October and January and the maximum temperatures in April and July show the highest statistical significance, which is associated with important stages of the life cycle of S. natans. A comparison of species localities with climatic and temperature indicators for the time periods of 1960–1969, 2010–2018, and 2011–2021 showed that, by 2021 in the European part, West Siberia, and the Far East, there had been a significant spreading of S. natans to the north (more than 200 km). A notable increase in the number of records of the species has been found since the 2000s in different regions. For example, in Ivanovo oblast from 2018 to 2021, their number has increased more than three times. The expansion of the species occurs against the background of a noticeable increase in average annual temperatures and changes in other bioclimatic indicators. If present temperature trends continue, S. natans will expand its range even further north, east, and west in European Russia and north and west in West Siberia and the Far East. Due to the ongoing expansion of S. natans, the premises for the exclusion of the species from a number of regional Red Data Books is discussed.

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Notes

  1. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Bern, 19.09.1979. Appendix I. Strictly protected flora species / European Treaty Series. № 104. P. 2.

  2. Order of the Committee for the Protection of the Environment and Natural Resources of the Administration of Rostov Oblast dated July 26, 2010, no. 33.

  3. Decree of the Government of Voronezh Oblast dated January 31, 2018, no. 85.

  4. Report on climate features in the Russian Federation for 2020, Moscow: SRI Roshydromet, 2021.

  5. Report on climate risks in the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg: Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, 2017.

  6. Decree of the Government of Belgorod Oblast dated September 9, 2019, no. 377.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank D.Yu. Efimov and O.G. Grishutkin (Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS) for help with statistical data processing and creating climate maps, as well as to M.A. Golubeva (Plyos State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum Reserve) for providing herbarium specimens of Salvinia natans.

Funding

This work was held within the state assignment of the Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, theme no. 121051100099-5, and with financial support by the Tyumen Oblast Government, as part of the West-Siberian Interregional Science and Education Center’s project no. 89-DON (2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouzskii raion, Yaroslavl oblast, Russia

    N. K. Konotop, Yu. S. Vinogradova, E. V. Chemeris & A. A. Bobrov

  2. Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia

    N. K. Konotop & Yu. S. Vinogradova

  3. AquaBioSafe Laboratory, Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia

    A. A. Bobrov

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  1. N. K. Konotop
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  2. Yu. S. Vinogradova
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  3. E. V. Chemeris
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  4. A. A. Bobrov
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Correspondence to E. V. Chemeris.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by P. Kuchina

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Konotop, N.K., Vinogradova, Y.S., Chemeris, E.V. et al. Is Aquatic Fern Salvinia natans (Salviniaceae) Rare in Russia?. Inland Water Biol 16, 157–168 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082923020128

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