Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transformation of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine in Supercritical Water

  • Published:
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract—The behavior of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), a highly toxic rocket fuel, has been studied in a supercritical water medium within a temperature range of 400–650°C by electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. It has been established that thermal transformation leads to the formation of a wide range of products, including at least 350–400 nitrogen-containing compounds of CHN and CHNO-classes. The main products are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds containing from one to three nitrogen atoms. Based on the accurate masses, the tentative identification of the most important components is given. It has been shown that 1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole predominates among the transformation products at a temperature of 650°C; in this case, the predominant fraction of UDMH is converted into gaseous nitrogen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. A. K. Buryak and T. M. Serdyuk, Russ. Chem. Rev. 82, 369 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. L. Carlsen, O. A. Kenesova, and S. E. Batyrbekova, Chemosphere 67, 1008 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Carlsen, B. N. Kenesov, and S. E. Batyrbekova, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 27, 415 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Yu. Kozhevnikov, S. L. Ul’yanovskaya, M. P. Semushina, S. A. Pokryshkin, A. V. Ladesov, I. I. Pikovskoi, and D. S. Kosyakov, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 90, 416 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Operations and Research at the U.S. EPA Incineration Research Facility, Annual Report for FY94 (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, 1995).

  6. M. B. Abilev, B. N. Kenessov, S. Y. Batyrbekova, and T. Grotenhuis, Chem. Bull. Kazakh Natl. Univ. 77, 21 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Z. R. Ismagilov, M. A. Kerzhentsev, I. Z. Ismagilov, V. A. Sazonov, V. N. Parmon, G. L. Elizarova, O. P. Pestunova, V. A. Shandakov, Yu. L. Zuev, V. N. Eryomin, N. V. Pestereva, F. Garin, and H. J. Veringa, Catal. Today 75, 277 (2002).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. M. Liang, W. Li, Q. Qi, P. Zeng, Y. Zhou, Y. Zheng, M. Wu, and H. Ni, RSC Adv. 6, 5677 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. O. A. Makhotkina, E. V. Kuznetsova, and S. V. Preis, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 68, 85 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. N. V. Bakaikina, V. Kenessov, N. V. Ul’yanovskii, D. S. Kosyakov, S. A. Pokryshkin, M. Derbissalin, and Z. K. Zhubatov, Chromatographia 80, 931 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. D. Smolenkov, I. A. Rodin, A. V. Shpak, and O. A. Shpigun, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 87, 351 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B. N. Kenessov, J. A. Koziel, T. Grotenhuis, and L. Carlsen, Anal. Chim. Acta 674, 32 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. D. S. Kosyakov, N. V. Ul’yanovskii, K. G. Bogolitsyn, and O. A. Shpigun, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 94, 1254 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D. S. Kosyakov, N. V. Ul’yanovskii, S. A. Pokryshkin, D. E. Lakhmanov, and O. A. Shpigun, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 95, 1321 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. N. E. Selin, Environmental Guidelines and Regulations for Nitrosamines: A Policy Summary (Massachusetts Inst. Technol., Cambridge, 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  16. N. Dai and W. A. Mitch, Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 3648 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. K. G. Haggerty and M. P. Holsapple, Toxicology 63, 1 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. N. V. Ul’yanovskii, D. S. Kosyakov, I. I. Pikovskoi, and M. S. Popov, J. Anal. Chem. 73, 1223 (2018). Original russian text: Mass Spektrometria 14, 190 (2017).

  19. B. Kenesov, M. Alimzhanova, K. Sailaukhanuly, N. Baimatova, M. Abilev, S. Batyrbekova, L. Carlsen, A. Tulegenov, and M. Nauryzbayev, Sci. Total Environ. 427–428, 78 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. N. V. Ul’yanovskii, D. S. Kosyakov, I. I. Pikovskoi, and Y. G. Khabarov, Chemosphere 174, 66 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. V. Al-Duri, F. Alsoqyani, and I. Kings, Philos. Trans. R. Soc., Ser. A 373, 20150013 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  22. V. Veriansyah and J. D. Kim, J. Environ. Sci. 19, 513 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. J. Buelow, D. Allen, G. K. Anderson, F. L. Archuleta, J. H. Atencio, G. T. Baca, W. D. Breshears, T. J. Butenhoff, P. C. Dell’Orco, R. B. Dyer, B. R. Foy, K. A. Funk, D. M. Harradine, K. C. Knutsen, J. L. Lyman, et al., Destruction of Energetic Materials in Supercritical Water (Los Alamos Natl. Labor., 2002).

  24. L. Yi, L. Guo, K. Jin, J. Kou, D. Zhang, and R. Wang, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 43, 8644 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. T. Beltrami and E. K. Bissell, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 2467 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K. F. Cordes, J. Phys. Chem. 65, 1473 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. L. E. Netto, L. C. Leite, and O. Augusto, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 266, 562 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. N. V. Bakaikina, B. Kenessov, N. V. Ul’yanovskii, and D. S. Kosyakov, Talanta 184, 332 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. N. V. Ul’yanovskii, D. S. Kosyakov, S. A. Pokryshkin, and K. G. Bogolitsyn, J. Anal. Chem. 70, 1553 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was performed using the equipment of the Core Facility Center “Arktika” of the Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (projects nos. RFMEFI59417X0013 and 4.2518.2017/4.6), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 18-29-06018-mk), and the President of the Russian Federation (grant no. MK-4734.2018.3).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, nab. Severnoi Dviny 17, 163002, Arkhangelsk, Russia

    D. S. Kosyakov, N. V. Ul’yanovskii, A. D. Ivakhnov & I. I. Pikovskoi

Authors
  1. D. S. Kosyakov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. V. Ul’yanovskii
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. D. Ivakhnov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. I. I. Pikovskoi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. S. Kosyakov.

Additional information

Translated by E. Glushachenkova

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kosyakov, D.S., Ul’yanovskii, N.V., Ivakhnov, A.D. et al. Transformation of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine in Supercritical Water. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. B 13, 1103–1110 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990793119070157

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990793119070157

Keywords:

Search

Navigation