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Staging, negative temperature coefficient of the reaction rate and bifurcation in the monofront of hydrocarbon flames

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Abstract

Based on the postulate of competition between two mechanisms of fuel conversion (low-temperature autocatalysis (A) and high-temperature thermal self-acceleration (T) in the flame front, a method for determining the degree of staging S of the flame of a given fuel-air mixture is proposed. Zones with prevalence of each of these mechanisms, the activity of which depends on the initial fuel concentration C 0, temperature T 0, and pressure P, are identified. A quantitative method for determining S consists in calculating the ratio of the maximum rates of fuel and oxygen consumption and water formation in zones A (A K i ) and T (A K i ) from mass-spectrometric analysis of the flame front. The S < 1 values correspond to the monofront (before bifurcation), whereas S > 1, to the bifront (after bifurcation). Bifurcation point arises as a result of the increase of the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) associated with the difference A K i − T K i = ɛ becoming positive, which is the criterion of occurrence of bifurcation. At ɛ ≤ 0, in the profiles of the rates of fuel and oxygen consumption and water formation, the NTC zone between zones A and T expands. At ɛ > 0, the monofront turns into a bifront. It was established that the effect of T 0 on the shape of the curves of the rates of formation and accumulation of other combustion products typical of zone T, except for O2, fuel, and water, is small, if any. Experimental data on mass-spectrometric analysis of combustible mixtures of pentane with C 0 = α = 1.4, 1.5, and 1.7 are for the first time presented. Results of calculations of S from previously published data on probing the front of flames C1–C6 hydrocarbon are presented. It is shown that S for all the flames is a smoothly varying function of C 0 to the bifurcation point. The dependence of S on T 0 is negative. Flames with the same values of S are identical.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    G. I. Ksandopulo

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  1. G. I. Ksandopulo
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Correspondence to G. I. Ksandopulo.

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Original Russian Text © G.I. Ksandopulo, 2011, published in Khimicheskaya Fizika, 2011, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 83–93.

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Ksandopulo, G.I. Staging, negative temperature coefficient of the reaction rate and bifurcation in the monofront of hydrocarbon flames. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. B 5, 701–711 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S199079311104018X

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