Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Spectroscopy of Supergiants with Infrared Excess: Results of 1998–2018

  • Published:
Astrophysical Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We shortly summarize here the results of the second stage (1998–2018) of the detailed spectroscopy program of peculiar supergiants identified with galactic infrared sources, performed at the 6-m BTA telescope. The main aspect of the program is a search for the evolutionary variations in the chemical composition of stars, past the AGB stage and the TDU, as well as an analysis of spectral manifestations of kinematic processes in their extended, often unstable, atmospheres and in the envelopes. The most significant result is detection of the s-process element excesses in seven single post-AGB stars, which empirically confirms the theory of evolution of this type of stars. In three of these stars we for the first time discovered the ejection of the s-process heavy metals to the circumstellar envelopes. A lithium excess was found in the atmospheres of peculiar supergiants V2324 Cyg and V4334 Sgr. The results of investigation of the kinematics of atmospheres and shells will clarify the equilibrium of matter produced by stars in the AGB and post-AGB stages and delivered to the interstellar medium (ISM).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V. G. Klochkova, Bull. Spec. Astrophys. Obs. 44, 5 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  2. L. Mattsson, S. Höfner, and F. Herwig, Astron. and Astrophys. 470, 339 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. W. Vlemmings, IAU Symp. 283, 176 (2012).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. W. H. T. Vlemmings, IAU Symp. 302, 389 (2014).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. F. Herwig, Annual Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 43, 435 (2005).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Cristallo, L. Piersanti, O. Straniero, et al., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 197, 17 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Käppeler, R. Gallino, S. Bisterzo, and W. Aoki, Rev. Modern Phys. 83, 157 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. U. Battino, M. Pignatari, C. Ritter, et al., Astrophys. J. 827, 30 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. I. Iben, Jr., and A. Renzini, Annual Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 21, 271 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. N. Liu, R. Gallino, S. Cristallo, et al., Astrophys. J. 865, 112 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Di Criscienzo, P. Ventura, D. A. Garcia-Hernández, et al., Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 462, 395 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. T. Aikawa, Astron. and Astrophys. 514, A45 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. H. E. Bond, Nature 356, 474 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. S. S. Rao, S. Giridhar, and D. L. Lambert, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 419, 1254 (2012).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. V. E. Panchuk, V. G. Klochkova, and M. V. Yushkin, Astronomy Reports 61, 820 (2017).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. V. E. Panchuk, V. G. Klochkova, M. V. Yushkin, and I. D. Najdenov, J. Opt. Technol. 76, 42 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. V. G. Klochkova, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 272, 710 (1995).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. V. G. Klochkova, R. Szczerba, V. E. Panchuk, and K. Volk, Astron. and Astrophys. 345, 905 (1999).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. V. G. Klochkova and T. Kipper, Baltic Astron. 15, 395 (2006).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. L. Zacs, V. G. Klochkova, and V. E. Panchuk, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 275, 764 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. G. Klochkova, R. Szczerba, and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Letters 26, 88 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. V. G. Klochkova, R. Szczerba, and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Letters 26, 439 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, N. S. Tavolgan-skaya, and V. V. Kovtyukh, Astronomy Letters 29, 748 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Van Winckel and M. Reyniers, Astron. and Astrophys. 354, 135 (2000).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. E. J. Bakker, E. F. van Dishoeck, L. B. F. M. Waters, and T. Schoenmaker, Astron. and Astrophys. 323, 469 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. B. E. Reddy, E. J. Bakker, and B. J. Hrivnak, Astrophys. J. 524, 831 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. B. J. Hrivnak, G. Van de Steene, H. Van Winckel, et al., Astrophys. J. 846, 96 (2017).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Mishra, A. Li, and B. W. Jiang, Astrophys. J. 825, 68 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. A. Li, J. M. Liu, and B. W. Jiang, Astrophys. J. 777, 111 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. T. Chigai, T. Yamamoto, C. Kaito, and Y. Kimura, Astrophys. J. 587, 771 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. L. Decin, H. Van Winckel, C. Waelkens, and E. J. Bakker, Astron. and Astrophys. 332, 928 (1998).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. V. G. Klochkova and E. L. Chentsov, Astronomy Reports 62, 19 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. E. L. Chentsov, V. G. Klochkova, and A. S. Miroshnichenko, Astrophysical Bulletin 65, 150 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. V. G. Klochkova and E. L. Chentsov, Astrophysical Bulletin 71, 33 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. A. S. Miroshnichenko, V. G. Klochkova, K S. Bjorkman, and V. E. Panchuk, Astron. and Astrophys. 390, 627 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. E. L. Chentsov, V. G. Klochkova, and N. S. Tavolganskaya, Bull. Spec. Astrophys. Obs. 48, 25 (1999).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, and V. E. Panchuk, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 292, 19 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. V. G. Klochkova, M. V. Yushkin, E. L. Chentsov, and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Reports 46, 139 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, A. S. Miroshnichenko, et al., Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 459, 4183 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. G. Meynet and A. Maeder, Astron. and Astrophys. 404, 975 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. V. G. Klochkova and E. L. Chentsov, Astronomy Reports 48, 301 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, and V. E. Panchuk, Astrophysical Bulletin 63, 112 (2008).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Reyniers, H. Van Winckel, E. Biémont, and P. Quinet, Astron. and Astrophys. 395, L35 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. B. E. Reddy, M. Parthasarathy, G. Gonzalez, and E. J. Bakker, Astron. and Astrophys. 328, 331 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. G. Jasniewicz, A. Recio-Blanco, P. de Laverny, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. 453, 717 (2006).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. S. B. Vickers, D. J. Frew, Q. A. Parker, and I. S. Bojicic, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 447, 1673 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. V. G. Klochkova, Astrophysical Bulletin 69, 279 (2014).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. V. E. Panchuk, I. D. Najdenov, V. G. Klochkova, et al., Bull. Spec. Astrophys. Obs. 44, 127 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. V. G. Klochkova and Y. L. Chentsov, Astronomy Reports 51, 994 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. V. G. Klochkova, Astronomy Letters 39, 765 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. R. Sahai, M. Morris, C. Sánchez Contreras, and M. Claussen, Astron. J. 134, 2200 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, and N. S. Tavolzhanskaya, Astronomy Letters 41, 14 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, and N. S. Tavolzhanskaya, 54, 234 (2010).

  54. V. G. Klochkova, Astronomy Letters 35, 457 (2009).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. T. Ueta, M. Meixner, and M. Bobrowsky, Astrophys. J. 528, 861 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. T. Kipper and V. G. Klochkova, Baltic Astron. 17, 195 (2008).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. S. Kwok, Annual Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 31, 63 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. V. P. Arkhipova, N. P. Ikonnikova, R. I. Noskova, and S. Y. Shugarov, Sov. Astron. Lett. 18, 175 (1992).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. V. P. Arkhipova, V. F. Esipov, N. P. Ikonnikova, et al., Astronomy Letters 23, 690 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. V. G. Klochkova, T. V. Mishenina, and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Letters 26, 398 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, and N. S. Tavolzhanskaya, Astronomy Letters 42, 815 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. S. Kwok, B. J. Hrivnak, and R. T. Boreiko, Astrophys. J. 312, 303 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. L.-A. Nyman, R. S. Booth, U. Carlstrom, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. Suppl. 93, 121 (1992).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. J. G. A. Wouterloot, J. Brand, and K. Fiegle, Astron. and Astrophys. Suppl. 98, 589 (1993).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, V. E. Panchuk, et al., 61, 962 (2017).

  66. P. Garcia-Lario, A. Manchado, S. R. Suso, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. Suppl. 82, 497 (1990).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. P. R. Woźniak, W. T. Vestrand, C. W. Akerlof, et al., Astron. J. 127, 2436 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. B. E. Reddy and M. Parthasarathy, Astron. J. 112, 2053 (1996).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. V. G. Klochkova and E. L. Chentsov, Astrophysical Bulletin 63, 272 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  70. C. A. O. Torres, G. Quast, R. de La Reza, et al., Astron. J. 109, 2146 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. H. van Winckel, Annual Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 41, 391 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. H. Van Winckel, Baltic Astron. 16, 112 (2007).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. B. J. Hrivnak, W. Lu, D. Bohlender, et al., Astrophys. J. 734, 25 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. B. J. Hrivnak, W. Lu, R. E. Maupin, and B. D. Spitzbart, Astrophys. J. 709, 1042 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. V. P. Arkhipova, M. A. Burlak, V. F. Esipov, et al., Astronomy Letters 39, 619 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. V. G. Klochkova, M. V. Yushkin, A. S. Mirosh-nichenko, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. 392, 143 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. Y. Zhang and S. Kwok, Astrophys. J. 730, 126 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, V. E. Panchuk, et al., Astrophysical Bulletin 69, 439 (2014).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. V. P. Arkhipova, N. P. Ikonnikova, R. I. Noskova, et al., Astronomy Letters 27, 719 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. V. P. Arkhipova, V. G. Klochkova, and G. V. Sokol, Astronomy Letters 27, 99 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  81. V. P. Arkhipova, V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, et al., Astronomy Letters 32, 661 (2006).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  82. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, and N. S. Tavolzhanskaya, Astronomy Letters 28, 49 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  83. E. L. Chentsov, S. V. Ermakov, V. G. Klochkova, et al., Astron. and Astrophys. 397, 1035 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  84. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, N. S. Tavolganskaya, and M. V. Shapovalov, Astrophysical Bulletin 62, 162 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  85. V. G. Klochkova, E. G. Sendzikas, and E. L. Chentsov, Astrophysical Bulletin 70, 99 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  86. V. G. Klochkova, E. L. Chentsov, N. S. Tavolzhanskaya, and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Reports 51, 642 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  87. V. G. Klochkova and V. E. Panchuk, Astronomy Reports 56, 104 (2012).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  88. T. Kipper and V. G. Klochkova, Baltic Astron. 21, 219 (2012).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  89. T. Bloecker and D. Schoenberner, Astron. and Astrophys. 324, 991 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  90. A. M. van Genderen and A. Gautschy, Astron. and Astrophys. 294, 453 (1995).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. I. Iben, Jr. and J. MacDonald, in White Dwarfs, Ed. by D. Koester and K. Werner (Berlin, Springer Verlag, 1995), p. 48 (Lecture Not. Phys., 443).

  92. H. W. Duerbeck and S. Benetti, Astrophys. J. 468, L111 (1996).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  93. M. Asplund, B. Gustafsson, D. L. Lambert, and N. Kameswara Rao, Astron. and Astrophys. 321, L17 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  94. T. Kipper and V. G. Klochkova, Astron. and Astrophys. 324, L65 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  95. T. Kipper, Baltic Astron. 10, 403 (2001).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  96. T. M. Lawlor and J. MacDonald, Astrophys. J. 583, 913 (2003).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  97. G. C. Clayton, F. Kerber, N. Pirzkal, et al., Astrophys. J. 646, L69 (2006).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  98. P. A. M. van Hoof, S. Kimeswenger, G. Van de Steene, et al., Galaxies 6, 79 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  99. W. K. Bonsack and J. L. Greenstein, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 68, 249 (1956).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  100. A. Arellano Ferro, S. Giridhar, and P. Mathias, Astron. and Astrophys. 368, 250 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  101. V. G. Klochkova, E. G. Sendzikas, and E. L. Chentsov, Astrophysical Bulletin 73, 52 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  102. V. G. Klochkova, V. E. Panchuk, M. V. Yushkin, and A. S. Miroshnichenko, Astronomy Reports 48, 288 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author is grateful to the co-authors who participated in the implementation of the supergiant spectroscopy program at the BTA and in the preparation of joint publications. The work made use of the SIMBAD, SAO/NASA ADS, Gaia DR2, AAVSO and VALD astronomical databases.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnii Arkhyz, 369167, Russia

    V. G. Klochkova

Authors
  1. V. G. Klochkova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. G. Klochkova.

Additional information

Russian Text © The Author(s), 2019, published in Astrofizicheskii Byulleten’, 2019, Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 150–171.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Klochkova, V.G. Spectroscopy of Supergiants with Infrared Excess: Results of 1998–2018. Astrophys. Bull. 74, 140–160 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990341319020032

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990341319020032

Keywords

Search

Navigation