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Evaluation of the Impact of Emissions of Metal Compounds from Industrial Enterprises on the Oncological Morbidity of the Population of an Urbanized Area

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Abstract

Emissions of metal compounds from industrial enterprises contribute to air pollution and may pose a risk to public health. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of emissions of metals and their compounds on incidences of cancer in the population of Sverdlovsk oblast. Using data from open sources, an ecological ranking of 57 municipalities is made. To assess the incidence of cancer, the following indicators are used: the number of the contingent registered with oncological diseases (persons), the dynamics of the prevalence of oncological diseases (per 100 000 people), the indicator of the proportion of patients registered with dispensaries for 5 years or more (%), the dynamics of mortality from oncological diseases (per 100 000 people) and the 1-year mortality of patients with oncological diseases (%) for 2020. Spearman’s correlation coefficients are calculated between cancer incidence rates, socioeconomic indicators of territorial development, the level of care for cancer patients, and emissions of substances with carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. The level of newly diagnosed oncological morbidity in 2020 was 17 935 people. A close correlation is found between the indicators of the number of the contingent registered with the dispensary for cancer and socioeconomic characteristics (r = 0.793–0.954, p < 0.01) and there is a relationship of medium strength with the level of healthcare. If existing levels of emissions are maintained, further aggravation of environmental problems in the study area associated with carcinogenic risks and a reduction in life expectancy of the population of the region is possible.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank D.P. Semenenko and A.F. Saifullin for help in collecting materials.

Funding

This study was supported by grant from the Russian Science Foundation no. 22-17-20006 (https://rscf.ru/project/ 22-17-20006/) and Chelyabinsk oblast.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia

    T. G. Krupnova & O. V. Rakova

  2. Federal Research Center Yakutsk Scientific Center, Larionov Institute of Physical and Technical Problems of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 677980, Yakutsk, Russia

    T. A. Kapitonova, G. P. Struchkova & S. A. Tikhonova

  3. Institute of Mineralogy, South Ural Federal Research Center for Mineralogy and Geoecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 456317, Miass, Russia

    S. V. Gavrilkina

Authors
  1. T. G. Krupnova
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  2. O. V. Rakova
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  3. T. A. Kapitonova
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  4. G. P. Struchkova
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  5. S. A. Tikhonova
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  6. S. V. Gavrilkina
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to T. G. Krupnova, O. V. Rakova, T. A. Kapitonova or S. V. Gavrilkina.

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Krupnova, T.G., Rakova, O.V., Kapitonova, T.A. et al. Evaluation of the Impact of Emissions of Metal Compounds from Industrial Enterprises on the Oncological Morbidity of the Population of an Urbanized Area. Geogr. Nat. Resour. 43 (Suppl 1), S22–S28 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372822050122

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372822050122

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