Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Deep Structure Model for Southern Kamchatka Based on 3D Density Modeling and Geological and Geophysical Data

  • Published:
Russian Journal of Pacific Geology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Comprehensive deep geophysical studies were conducted along the profile lines in the south of Kamchatka. The aim of the research was to study the lithosphere in the zone of present-day volcanism and active seismicity. Geological and geophysical models of the crust and upper mantle were constructed along the profiles. The results were obtained as part of two-dimensional modeling of the geophysical fields. However, the data analysis shows that the territory is characterized by a complex geological structure, which is shown by the three-dimensional distribution of gravitating masses. This article presents the results of volumetric density modeling carried out for the area of southern Kamchatka, including the Sea of Okhotsk and the Pacific water areas, for the first time. The model is based on the technique of three-dimensional imaging of 2D-modeling results obtained from the network of intersecting profiles. The 3D modeling has revealed the isodensity surfaces that border layers of high density (≥3.33 g/cm3). Thus, the surface revealed beneath the oceanic water area is interpreted as a fragment of the top of the subducting plate and the surface under the peninsula is identified as the top of the paleosubduction slab. A subhorizontal high-gradient zone (3.0–3.3 g/cm3) is recognized on the density sections that intersect the 3D model, which is identified as the Moho boundary. A model of the subduction interaction between the oceanic and continental lithospheric plates is proposed. A two-dimensional model shows the formation of a transitional layer between the Moho boundary of the overhanging lithospheric plate and the top of the paleosubducting oceanic plate. A low-density zone is distinguished in the transitional layer, where separate maximally low-density areas are identified as melting chambers. The conditions are shown for the formation of the crustal block, with abundant basic–ultrabasic intrusions and the diorite–granodiorite intrusive massif. All ore occurrences and a gold deposit of the Karymshinsky Ore Cluster are located within the contours of the projection onto the surface of the deep high-gradient zone that borders a low-density zone. Ore occurrences are genetically related to the zones of crustal weakness where the epithermal deposits are formed in closed hydrothermal systems. By analogy, it is possible to forecast gold ore occurrences in other areas of the projection of the high-gradient zone.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. G. I. Anosov, S. K. Bikkenina, A. A. Popov, K. F. Sergeev, V. K. Utnasin, and V. I. Fedorchenko, Deep Seismic Sounding of Kamchatka (Nauka, Moscow, 1978) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  2. S. E. Aprelkov and O. N. Ol’shanskaya, “Tectonic zoning of Central and Southern Kamchatka: geological and geophysical data,” Tikhookean. Geol., No. 1, 53–65 (1985).

  3. S. E. Aprelkov and O. N. Ol’shanskaya, “Tectonics of Kamchatka,” Tikhookean. Geol., No. 3, 62–75 (1991).

  4. S. E. Aprelkov and S. V. Popruzhenko, “The Penzhina–West Kamchatka folded zone and the Ukelayat–Sredinnyi Block in the structure of the Koryak Highland and Kamchatka,” Russ. J. Pac. Geol. 3 (4), 388–400 (2009).

  5. S. T. Balesta, Earth’s Crust and Magmatic Sources of Modern Volcanism (Nauka, Moscow, 1981) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  6. S. T. Balesta and L. I. Gontovaya, “Seismic model of the Earth’s crust of the Asian–Pacific transition zone in the Kamchatka region,” Vulkanol. Seismol., No. 4, 83–90 (1985).

  7. A. K. Borovtsov, V. I. Sidorenko, and V. I. Shchenko, State Geological Map of the Russian Federation. 1 : 200 000. Khangar Series. Sheet N-57-XX (Ganaly): Explanatory Note, (VSEGEI, St. Petersburg, 2001) [in Russian].

  8. A. K. Borovtsov, G. V. Yarysh, and Yu. V. Barkhatov, State Geological Map of the Russian Federation. 1 : 200  000. Khangar Series. Sheet N-57-XXVI (Dal’nii): Explanatory Note (MF VSEGEI, Moscow, 2013) [in Russian].

  9. “Geological structure, youngest volcanism, and modern structure of Southern Kamchatka”, Long-Term Center of Endogenous Activity of Southern Kamchatka, Ed. by Yu. P. Masurenko (Nauka, Moscow, 1980), pp. 7–78 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  10. Geological Map and Map of Mineral Resources of the Kamchatka Oblst and Koryak Autonomous Okrug. 1 : 1  500  000, Ed. by A. F. Litvinov, B. A. Markovsky, and V. P. Zaitsev (VSEGEI, St. Petersburg, 2005) [in Russian].

  11. V. V. Mishin, “Deep structure and types of the Earth’s crust of the Southern Kamchatka,” Tikhookean. Geol., No. 1, 110–119 (1996).

  12. V. V. Mishin, “Geological–geophysical structure of Southern Kamchatka, Tikhookean. Geol. 16 (4), 64–70 (1997).

  13. Yu. F. Moroz, A. G. Nurmukhamedov, and G. A. Loshchinskaya, “Magnetotelluric sounding of the Earth’s crust of Southern Kamchatka,” Vulkanol. Seismol., Nos. 4–5, 127–138 (1995).

  14. A. G. Nurmukhamedov and V. S. Smirnov, “Results of deep electromagnetic studies on Southern Kamchatka,” Geology and Mineral Resources of the Koryak–Kamchatka Fold System. Proc. 5th Kamchatka Geol. Conf., Ed. by A. I. Pozdeev, Yu. I. Kharchenko, G. P. Yarotskii, and M. M. Lebedev (NTO-Gornoe, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, 1985), pp. 69–82 [in Russian].

  15. A. G. Nurmukhamedov, V. V. Nedyad’ko, V. A. Rakitov, and M. S. Lipat’ev, “Lithosphere boundaries in Kamchatka: earthquake converted-wave method data,” Vestn. KRAUNTs. Nauki Zemle 29 (1), 35–52 (2016).

  16. A. G. Nurmukhamedov, “Bannye and Karymchin hydrothermal systems: energy sources in Southern Kamchatka,” Gorn. Inform.-Analit. Byull., No. 32, 347–367 (2017). https://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-32-347-367

  17. A. G. Nurmukhamedov, M. D. Sidorov, and Yu. F. Moroz, “Model of the Earth’s crust structure and upper mantle structure in the area of the Karymshin ore cluster based on geophysical data (Southern Kamchatka),” Georesursy 22 (1), 68–76 (2020). https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2020.1.68-76

  18. A. E. Ringwood, Composition and Evolution of the Upper Mantle (AGU, 1969).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. A. I. Serezhnikov and V. M. Zimin, “Geological structure of the Paratunka geothermal area, influence of separate geological factors on the modern hydrothermal activity,” in Hydrothermal Systems and Thermal Fields of Kamchatka (DVNTs AN SSSR, Vladivostok, 1976) [in Russian].

  20. Structure of the Okhotsk Sea Floor, Ed. by V. V. Belousov and G. B. Udintsev (Nauka, Moscow, 1981) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  21. B. I. Slyadnev, V. N. Shapovalenko, and N. F. Krikun, State Geological Map of the Russian Federation. 1 : 1 000 000 (Thrid Generation). Sheet N-57. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Explanatory Note (VSEGEI, St. Petersburg, 2007) [in Russian].

  22. N. I. Seliverstov, Geodynamics of the Junction Zone of the Kuril–Kamchatka and Aleutian Island Arc (KamGU, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, 2009) [in Russian].

  23. M. D. Sidorov, “Technology of the 3D image of results of deep-seated density modeling of geological structures,” Gorn. Inform.-Analit. Byull., No. 31, 9–12 (2016).

  24. M. D. Sidorov, “Density model of the Kamchatka Sredinny Massif,” Gorn. Inform.-Analit. Byull., No. 31, 83–87 (2016).

  25. M. D. Sidorov, “Deep structure of the Kvinum–Kuvalorog nickel-bearing zone: results of density modeling (Sredinny Massif, Kamchatka),” Vestn. KRAUNTs. Nauki Zemle, No. 2, 34–44 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  26. R. Z. Tarakanov, “Seismicity,” Geological-Geophysical Atlas of the Kuril–Kamchatka Island-Arc System, Ed. by K. F. Sergeev and M. L. Krasnyi (VSEGEI, Leningrad, 1987) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  27. Physical Properties of Rocks and Mineral Resources (Petrophysics). A Textbook of Geophysist, Ed. by N. B. Dortman (Nedra, Moscow, 1984) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  28. O. S. Chubarova, “Volcanic earthquakes,” in Great Russian Encyclopedia (BRE, Moscow, 2006), Vol. 6, p. 91 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. N. Shapiro, Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Framing of Kamchatka (Nauka, Moscow, 1976) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  30. M. N. Shapiro and A. V. Solov’ev, “Formation of the Olyutorsky–Kamchatka foldbelt: a kinematic model,” Russ. Geol. Geophys. 50 (8), 660–673 (2009).

  31. V. S. Sheimovich, State Geological Map of the Russian Federation. 1 : 200 000. South Kamchatka Series. Sheet N-57-XXI (Northern Koryak Area), N-57-XXVII (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii), N-57-XXXIII (Mutnovskaya Hill): Explanatory Note (VSEGEI, St. Petersburg, 2000) [in Russian].

  32. Geosoft Software. http://www.geosoft.com/ru (Accessed January 28, 2008).

  33. J. W. Hedenquist, P. R. L. Browne, and R. G. Allis, “Epithermal gold mineralization,” Short Course Notes Discussing the Important Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical of Mineralization in the Epithermal Environment, Wairakei, New Zealand, 1988 (Wairakei, 1988).

  34. V. Levin, J. Park, M. Brandon, J. Lees, V. Peyton, E. Gordeev, and A. Ozerov, “Crust and upper mantle of Kamchatka from teleseismic receiver function,” Tectonophysics 358, 233–265 (2002).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  35. A. G. Nurmukhamedov and M. D. Sidorov, “Deep structure and geothermal potential along the regional profile set from Opala Mountain to Vakhil’ River (Southern Kamchatka),” 2nd International Geothermal Conference GEOHEAT2018. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 249, 012041 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/249/1/012041

  36. A. G. Nurmukhamedov and M. D. Sidorov, “Tolmachevsky active magmatic center (Southern Kamchatka) and its heat-power capacity as estimated by deep geophysical surveys,” 3rd International Geothermal Conference GEOHEAT2019. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 367, 012015 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/367/1/012015

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scientific-Research Geotechnological Center, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severo-Vostochnoye sh. 30, 683002, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia

    A. G. Nurmukhamedov & M. D. Sidorov

Authors
  1. A. G. Nurmukhamedov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. D. Sidorov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. G. Nurmukhamedov.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Recommended for publishing by V.B. Kaplun

Translated by N. Kovriga

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nurmukhamedov, A.G., Sidorov, M.D. The Deep Structure Model for Southern Kamchatka Based on 3D Density Modeling and Geological and Geophysical Data. Russ. J. of Pac. Geol. 16, 83–100 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819714022020075

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819714022020075

Keywords:

Search

Navigation