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Ovariectomy as a Model of Anxiety-Depressive Disorders

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Abstract—Here, we review data on ovariectomy (OVX) in rodents as a suitable model for estimation of anxiety-depressive disorders in women in the near- and menopause periods of life. In the first part, we review the effects of OVX on the development of anxiety and depressive-like behavior depending on the age of the animal, the time point of surgery, the time of testing after surgery, features of the tests, and other factors. We consider the combined effect of OVX and chronic stress and the replacement function of estrogens in OVX animals. The second part of the review is devoted to the mechanisms of OVX effects and replacement estrogen therapy on the development or prevention of anxiety and depressive-like behavior. The behavioral, hormonal, biochemical, molecular-cellular, and intracellular signaling mechanisms of estrogen action in OVX animals are also considered. The role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, neuroinflammatory/immune system, nitric oxide, monoaminergic systems, trophic factors, neurogenesis, and intracellular signaling, among others in these mechanisms are described.

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Funding

This study was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-015-00129A, and was prepared within the state assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for 2019–2021, no. АААА–А17–117092040002–6.

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  1. Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Butlerova, 5a, 117485, Moscow, Russia

    G. A. Grigoryan

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Grigoryan, G.A. Ovariectomy as a Model of Anxiety-Depressive Disorders. Neurochem. J. 16, 1–13 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712422010068

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