Abstract
Advantages of devices on a microchip platform are discussed in comparison with traditional systems. Stages and processes of creation of microfluidic chips are considered. The basic technologies of formation micro- and nanostructures on a substrate from various materials and techniques for microchip sealing are introduced. Special attention is given to microfluidic chips for separation and analysis of nucleic acids and proteins, as well as to microchips for PCR. Examples of integrated systems on the basis of microfluidic technique are considered. Data on the commercialization of devices based on microfluidic chips are presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nanofluidics. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Edel, J.B. and de Mello, A.J., Eds., Cambridge: Thomas Graham House, 2009.
Squires, T. and Quake, S., Rev. Mod. Phys., 2005, no. 77, pp. 977–1007.
Shoffner, M.A., Cheng, J., Hvichia, G.E., et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 1996, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 375–379.
Cheng, J., Shoffner, M.A., Hvichia, G.E., et al., Ibid., 1996, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 380–385.
Cheng, J., Waters, L.C., Fortina, P., et al., Anal. Biochem., 1998, vol. 257, no. 2, pp. 101–116.
Northrup, M.A., Ching, M.T., White, R.M., and Watson R.T., 7 Int. Conf. on Solid State Sensors and Actuators Transducers’ 93, Yokohama, Japan, 1993, pp. 924–927.
Woolley, A.T., Hadley, D., Landre, P., et al., Anal. Chem., 1996, vol. 68, no. 23, pp. 4081–4086.
Jacobson, S.C., Hergenröder, R., Koutny, L.B., and Ramsey, J.M., Ibid., 1994, vol. 66, no. 14, pp. 2369–2373.
Jacobson, S.C., Hergenröder, R., Koutny, L.B., and Ramsey, J.M., Ibid., 1994, vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 1114–1118.
Jacobson, S.C., Hergenröder, R., Koutny, L.B., et al., Ibid., 1994, vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 1107–1113.
Jacobson, S.C., Koutny, L.B., Hergenröder, R., et al., Ibid., 1994, vol. 66, no. 20, pp. 3472–3476.
Reyes, D., Iossifidis, D., Auroux, P., and Manz, A., Ibid., 2002, vol. 74, pp. 2623–2636.
Yager, P., Edwards, T., Fu, E., et al., Nature, 2006, vol. 442, pp. 412–418.
Zimina, T.M., Nano-Microsistem. Tekh., 2007, no. 8, pp. 27–49.
Zimina, T.M., Biotekhnosfera, 2009, no. 1, pp. 11–17.
Mark, D., Haeberle, S., Roth, G., et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, vol. 39, pp. 1153–1182.
de Jong, J., Lammertink, R.G.H., and Wessling, M., Lab Chip, 2006, vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 1125–1139.
Lai, S., Wang, S., Luo, J., et al., Anal. Chem., 2003, no. 76, pp. 1832–2837.
Lee, L.J., Madou, M.J., Koelling, K.W., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2001, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 339–351.
Tsutsui, H. and Ho, C.-M., Mech. Res. Comm., 2009, vol. 36, pp. 92–103.
Vanapalli, S.A., Duits, M.H.G., and Mugele, F., Biomicrofluidics, 2009, vol. 3, no. 012006.
Castillo, J., Dimaki, M., and Svendsen, W.E., Integr. Biol., 2009, no. 1, pp. 30–42.
Yi, C., Li, C.-W., Ji, S., and Yang, M., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2006, vol. 560, nos. 1–2, pp. 1–23.
Oakey, J., Applegate, R.W., Arellano, E., et al., Anal. Chem., 2010, vol. 82, no. 9, pp. 3862–3867.
Evstrapov, A.A., Nauch. Priborostr., 2005, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 8–21.
Voldman, J., Ann. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 2006, no. 8, pp. 425–454.
Braschler, T., Demierre, N., Nascimento, E., et al., Lab Chip, 2008, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 280–286.
Vahey, M.D. and Voldman, J., Anal. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, no. 9, pp. 3135–3143.
Zhao, B. S., Koob, Y.-M., and Chung, D. S., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2006, vol. 556, no. 1, pp. 97–103.
Godin, J., Chen, C-H., Cho, S. H., et al., J. Biophoton., 2008, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 355–376.
Pamme, N. and Wilhelm, C., Lab Chip, 2006, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 974–980.
Tarn, M.D., Hirota, N., Iles, A., and Pamme, N., Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 2009, vol. 10, no. 014611.
Shi, J., Mao, X., Ahmed, D., et al., Lab Chip, 2008, vol. 8, pp. 221–223.
Manneberg, O., Vanherberghen, B., Önfelt, B., and Wiklund, M., Ibid., 2009, vol. 9, pp. 833–837.
Persat, A., Suss, M.E., and Santiago, J.G., Ibid., 2009, vol. 9, pp. 2437–2453.
Persat, A., Suss, M.E., and Santiago J.G. Ibid., 2009, vol. 9, pp. 2454–2469.
Bu, M., Melvin, T., Ensell, G., et al., Sens. Actuators A: Phys., 2004, vol. 115, no. 2, pp. 476–482.
Li, X., Abe, T., and Esashi, M., Ibid., 2001, vol. 87, no. 3, pp.139-145.
Thienot, E., Domingo, F., Cambril, E., and Gosse, C., Microelectron. Eng., 2006, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 1155–1158.
Akashi, T. and Yoshimura, Y., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2006, vol. 16, pp. 1051–1056.
Altissimo, M., Biomicrofluidics, 2010, vol. 4, no. 026503.
Heng, Qi, Xiansong, Wang, Tao Chen, et al., Microsystem. Technol., 2009, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1027–1030.
Evstrapov, A.A., Lukashenko, T.A., Gornyi, S.G., and Yudin, K.V., Nauch. Priborostr., 2005, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 72–81.
Evstrapov, A.A., Pozdnyakov, A.O., Gornyi, S.G., and Yudin, K.V., Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., 2005, vol. 31, no.13, pp. 10–17.
Duffy, D.C., McDonald, J.C., Schueller, O.J.A., and Whitesides, G.M., Rapid Anal. Chem., 1998, vol. 70, no. 23, pp. 4974–4984.
Dang, F., Tabata, S., Kurokawa, M., et al., Anal. Chem., 2005, vol. 77, no. 7, pp. 2140–2146.
Abdelgawad, M., Watson, M.W.L., Young, E.W.K., et al., Lab Chip, 2008, vol. 8, pp. 1379–1385.
Kim, P., Kwon, K.W., Park, M.C., et al., Biochip J., 2008, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–11.
Pemg, B.-Y., Wu, C.-W., Shen, Y.-K., and Lin, Y., Polym. Adv. Technol., 2009, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 457–466.
Qin. D., Xia. Y., and Whitesides, G.M., Adv. Mater., 1996, vol. 8, pp. 917–919.
Zhu, X., Liu, G., Xiong, Y., et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2006, vol. 34, pp. 875–879.
Mijatovic, D., Eijkel, J. C. T., and van den Berg, A., Lab Chip, 2005, vol. 5, pp. 492–500.
Madou, M.J., Fundamentals of Microfabrication, Boca Raton: CRC, 2002, 2nd ed.
Lab-on-a-Chip Technology, Vol. 1: Fabrication and Microfluidics, Herold, K.E., and Rasooly, A., Norwich: Caister Academic, 2009.
Santos, H.J.D.L., Principles and Applications of NanoMEMS Physics, Dordrecht: Springer, 2005.
Fiorini, G.S. and Chiu, D.T., Biotechniques, 2005, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 429–446.
Becker, H. and Gärtner, C., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2008, vol. 390, no. 1, pp. 89–111.
Fiorini, G.S. and Chiu, D.T., BioTechniques, 2005, vol. 38, pp. 429–446.
Abgrall, P. and Gue, A-M., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2007, vol. 17, pp. R15–R49.
Piruska, A., Gong, M., Sweedler, J.V., and Bohn, P.W., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, vol. 39, pp. 1060–1072.
Tegenfeldt, J.O., Prinz, C., Cao, H., et al., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2004, vol. 378, pp. 1678–1692.
Kaji, N., Okamoto, Y., Tokeshi, M., and Baba, Y., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, vol. 39, pp. 948–956.
Levy, S.L. and Craighead, H.G., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, vol. 39, pp. 1133–1152.
Hoang, H.T., Segers-Nolten, I.M., Berenschot, J.W., et al., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2009, vol. 19, no. 065017.
Herbstman, J.F. and Hunt, A.J., Proc. SPIE, 2010, vol. 7585, no. 75850X.
White, Y.V., Parrish, M., Li, X., et al., Ibid., 2008, vol. 7039, no. 70390J.
Fu, Y.Q., Colli, A., Fasoli, A., et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2009, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1520–1526.
Abdolvand, R. and Ayazi, F., Sens. Actuators A: Phys., 2008, vol. 144, pp. 109–116.
Ali, M.Y., Hung, W., and Yongqi, F., IJPEM, 2010, vol. 11, no.1, pp. 157–170.
Evstrapov, A.A., Mukhin, I.S, Kukhtevich, I.V., and Bukatin, A.S., Nauch.-Tekh. Vestn. Sankt-Peterb. Gos. Univ. Inst. Tochn. Mekh. Opt., 2010, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 59–63.
Song, S. and Lee, K.Y., Macromol. Res., 2006, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 121–128.
Becker, H. and Gärtner, C., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2008, vol. 390, no. 1, pp. 89–111.
Friend, J. and Yeo, L., Biomicrofluidics, 2010, vol. 4, no. 026502.
Wu, H., Huang, B., and Zare, R.N., Lab Chip, 2005, vol. 5, pp. 1393–1398.
Chen, Y., Zhang, L., and Chen, G., Electrophoresis, 2008, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1801–1814.
Evstrapov, A.A., Lukashenko, T.A., Gornyi, S.G., and Yudin, K.V., Nauch. Priborostr., 2005, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 72–81.
Che-Hsin, L., Chien-Hsiang, C., and Che-Wei, L., Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 2007, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 698–705.
Li, J.M., Liu, C., Qiao, H.C., et al., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2008, vol. 18, no. 015008.
Abgrall, P., Conedera, V., Camon, H., et al., Electrophoresis, 2007, vol. 28, no. 24, pp. 4539–4551.
Chen, L., Luo, G., Liu, K., et al., Sens. Actuators, B: Chem., 2006, vol. 119, no. 1, pp. 335–344.
Zhuang, G., Jin, Q., Liu, J., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2006, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 255–261.
Kutchoukov, V.G., Laugere, F., Van Der Vlist, W., et al., Sens. Actuators A: Phys., 2004, vol. 114, nos. 2–3, pp. 521–527.
Wei, J., Nai, S.M.L., Wong, C.K., and Lee, L.C., Thin Solid Films, 2004, vols. 462–463, pp. 487–491.
Lee, D.-J., Lee, Y.-H., Jang, J., and Ju, B.-K., Sens. Actuators A: Phys., 2001, vol. 89, nos. 1–2, pp. 43–48.
Niklaus, F., Stemme, G., Lu, J.-Q., and Gutmann, R.J., Appl. Phys., 2006, vol. 99, no. 031101.
Schlautmann, S, Besselink, G.A.J., Prabhu, G R, and Schasfoort, R.B.M., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2003, vol. 13, pp. S81–S84.
Zhuang, G., Jin, Q., Liu, J., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2006, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 255–261.
Chen, L., Luo, G., Liu, K., et al., Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 2006, vol. 119, no. 1, pp. 335–344.
Lu, C., Lee, L.J, and Juang, Y.J., Electrophoresis, 2008, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1407–1414.
Evstrapov, A.A., Lukashenko, T.A., and Tupik, A.N., Nauch. Priborostr., 2010, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 29–38.
Chabinyc, M.L., Chiu, D.T., McDonald, J.C., et al., Anal. Chem., 2001, vol. 73, no. 18, pp. 4491–498.
Lee, H.G., Kumar, K.S., Soh, J.-R., et al., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008, vol. 619, no. 1, pp. 94–100.
Kulmala, S. and Suomi, J., Ibid., 2003, vol. 500, nos. 1–2, pp. 21–69.
Woolley, A.T., Lao, K., Glazer, A.N., and Mathies, R.A., Anal. Chem., 1998, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 684–688.
Galloway, M., Stryjewski, W., Henry, A., et al., Ibid., 2002, vol. 74, no. 10, pp. 2407–2417.
Pumera, M., Merkoci, A., and Alegret, S., Electrophoresis, 2006, vol. 27, no. 24, pp. 5068–5072.
Vázquez, M., Frankenfeld, C., Coltro, W.K.T., et al., Analyst, 2010, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 96–103.
Cheek, B.J., Steel, A.V., Torres, M.P., et al., Anal. Chem., 2001, vol. 73, no. 24, pp. 5777–5783.
Lazar, I.M., Grym, J., and Foret, F., Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2006, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 573–94.
Limbach, P.A. and Meng, Z., Analyst, 2002, vol. 127, no. 6, pp. 693–700.
Walker, P.A., Morris, M.D., Burns, M.A., and Johnson, B.N., Anal. Chem., 1998, vol. 70, no. 18, pp. 3766–3769.
Swinney, K., Markov, D., and Bornhop, D.J., Ibid., 2000, vol. 72, no. 13, pp. 2690–2695.
Viskari, P.J. and Landers, J.P., Electrophoresis, 2006, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 1797–1810.
Johnson, M.E. and Landers, J.P., Ibid., 2004, vol. 25, nos. 21-22, pp. 3513–27.
Uchiyama, K., Nakajima, H., and Hobo, T., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2004, vol. 379, no. 3, pp. 375–382.
Tanret, I., Mangelings, D., and Heyden, Y.V., Curr. Pharm. Anal., 2009, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 101–111.
Schulze, P. and Belder, D., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2009, vol. 393, no. 2, pp. 1618–2642.
Proskurnin, M.A., Pirogov, A.V., Slyadnev, M.N., et al., Zh. Anal. Khim., 2004, vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 923–928.
Smirnova, A., Proskurnin, M.A., Bendrysheva, S.N., et al., Electrophoresis, 2008, vol. 29, no. 13, pp. 2741–2753.
Ihara, M., Yoshikawa, A., Wu Y., Takahashi, H., et al., Lab Chip, 2010, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 92–100.
Verpoorte, E., Electrophoresis, 2002, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 677–712.
Landers, J.P., Anal. Chem., 2003, vol. 75, no. 12, pp. 2919–2927.
Carey, L. and Mitnik, L., Electrophoresis, 2002, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 1386–1397.
Wua, D., Qin, J., and Lin, B., J. Chromatogr. A, 2008, vol. 1184, nos. 1–2, pp. 542–559.
Guo, V.S., Anal. Chem., 1999, vol. 71, no. 12, pp. 333–337.
Fritzsche, S., Hoffmann, P., and Belder, D., Lab Chip, 2010, vol. 10, pp. 1227–123.
Pinto, D.M., Ning, Y., and Figeys, D., Electrophoresis, 2000, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 181–90.
Koster, S. and Verpoorte, E., Lab Chip, 2007, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1394–412.
Kolchinsky, A. and Mirzabekov, A., Khim. Mutat., 2002, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 343–360.
Figeys, D. and Pinto, D., Anal. Chem., 2000, vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 330A–335A.
Reyes, D.R., Iossifidis, D., Auroux, P.A., and Manz, A., Anal. Chem., 2002, vol. 74, no. 12, pp. 2623–2637.
Reyes, D.R., Iossifidis, D., Auroux, P.A, and Manz, A., Ibid., 2002, vol.74, no. 12, pp. 2637–2652.
Paegel, B.M., Blazej, R.G., and Mathies, R.A., Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 2003, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 42–50.
Manz, A., Graber, N., and Widmer, H.M., Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 1990, vol. 1, pp. 244–248.
Harrison, D.J., Flury, K., Seiler, K., et al., Science, 1993, vol. 261, no. 5123, pp. 895–897.
Harrison, D.J., Manz, A., Fan, Z., et al., Anal. Chem., 1992, vol. 64, no. 17, pp. 1926–1932.
Woolley, A.T. and Mathes, R.A., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, vol. 91, pp. 11348–11352.
Effenhauser, C.S., Paulus, A., Manz, A., and Widmer, H.M., Anal. Chem., 1994, vol. 66, no. 18, pp. 2949–2953.
McCormick, R.M., Nelson, R.J., Alonso-Amigo, M.G., et al., Anal. Chem., 1997, vol. 69, no. 14, pp. 2626–2630.
Osafune, T. Nagata, H., and Baba, Y., Anal. Sci., 2004, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 971.
Wua, D., Qin, J., and Lin, B., J. Chromatogr. A, 2008, vol. 1184, nos. 1–2, pp. 542–559.
Barbier, V. and Viovy, J.L., Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 2003, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 51–57.
Cretich, M., Chiari, M., Rech, I., and Cova, S., Electrophoresis, 2003, vol. 24, no. 21, pp. 3793–3799.
Xu, F., Jabasini, M., Liu, S., and Baba, Y., Analyst, 2003, vol. 128, no. 6, pp. 589–592.
Evstrapov, A.A., Rudnitskaya, G.E., and Petukhova, N.A., Nauch. Priborostr., 2005, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 27–40.
Evstrapov, A.A., Bulyanica, A.L., Kurochkin, V.E., et al., Zh. Anal. Khim., 2004, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 587–594.
Tian, H., Brody, L.C., Mao, D., and Landers, J.P., Anal. Chem., 2000, vol. 72, no. 21, pp. 5483–5492.
Munro, N.J., Huhmer, A.F.R., and Landers, J.P., Ibid., 2001, vol. 75, no. 8, pp. 1784–1794.
Ugaz, V.M., Brahmasandra, S.N., Burke, D.T., and Burns, M.A., Electrophoresis, 2002, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 1450–1459.
Ugaz, V.M., Lin, R., Srivastava, N., Ibid., 2003, vol. 24, nos. 1–2, pp. 151–157.
Liu, S.R., Shi, Y.N., Ja, W.W., and Mathies, R.A., Anal. Chem., 1999, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 566–573.
Liu, S., Ren, H., Gao, Q., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, vol. 97, no. 10, pp. 5369–5374.
Paegel, B.M., Emrich, C.A., Wedemayer, G.J., et al., Ibid., 2002, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 574–579.
Sedgwick, H., Caron, F., Monaghan, P.B., et al., J. R. Soc. Interface, 2008, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. S123–S130.
Effenhauser, C.S., Bruin, G.J.M., and Paulus, A., Electrophoresis, 1997, vol. 18, nos. 12–13, pp. 2203–2213.
Colyer, C.L., Mangru, S.D., and Harrison, D.J., J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, vol. 781, nos. 1–2, pp. 271–276.
Liu, J. and Lee, M.L., Electrophoresis, 2006, vol. 27, no. 18, pp. 3533–3546.
Han, J. and Singh, A.K., J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, vol. 1049, nos. 1-2, pp. 205–209.
Herr, A.E., Molho, J.I., Drouvalakis, K.A., et al., Anal. Chem., 2003, vol. 75, no. 5, pp. 1180–1187.
Tan, W., Fan, Z.H., Qiu, C.X., et al., Electrophoresis, 2003, vol. 23, no. 20, pp. 3638–3645.
Xu, Y., Zhang, C.X., Janasek, D., and Manz, A., Lab Chip, 2003, vol. 3, pp. 224–227.
Sommer, G.J., Singh, A.K., and Hatch, A.V., Anal. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, no. 9, pp. 3327–3333.
Reichmuth, D.S., Shepodd, T.J., and Kirby, B.J., Ibid., 2005, vol. 77, no. 9, pp. 2997–3000.
Hou, C. and Herr, A.E., Electrophoresis, 2008, vol. 29, no. 16, pp. 3306–3319.
Throckmorton, D.J., Shepodd, T.J., and Singh, A.K., Anal. Chem., 2002, vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 784–789.
Hatch, A.V., Herr, A.E., Throckmorton, D.J., et al., Ibid., 2006, vol. 78, no. 14, pp. 4976–4984.
Wang, Y.C., Choi, M.H., and Han, J., Ibid., 2004, vol. 76, no. 15, pp. 4426–4431.
Emrich, C.A., Medintz, I.L., Chu, W.K., and Mathies, R.A., Ibid., 2007, vol. 79, no. 19, pp. 7360–7366.
Zhang, H., Zhao, Q., Li, X.-F., and Le, X.C., Analyst, 2007, vol. 132, pp. 724–737.
Bedair, M. and Oleschuk, R.D., Ibid., 2006, vol. 131, pp. 1316–1321.
Chovan, T. and Guttman, A., Trends Biotechnol., 2002, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 116–122.
Kameoka, J., Craighead, H.G., Zhang, H., and Henion, J., Anal. Chem., 2001, vol. 73, no. 9, pp. 1935–1941.
Wang, J., Electrophoresis, 2002, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 713–718.
Ristenpart, W.D., Wan, J., and Stone, H.A., Anal. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, no. 9, pp. 3270–3276.
Lee, C.-C., Snyder, T.M., and Quake, S.R., Nucl. Acids Res., 2010, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 2514–2521.
Nie, Z., Nijhuis, C. A., Gong, J., et al., Lab Chip, 2010, vol. 10, pp. 477–483.
Martinez, A.W., Phillips, S.T., Wiley, B.J., et al., Lab Chip, 2008, vol. 8, pp. 2146–2150.
Kaltenboeck, B. and Wang, C., Adv. Clin. Chem., 2002, vol. 40, pp. 219–259.
Real-Time PCR in Microbiology: From Diagnosis to Characterization, Mackay, I.M., Ed., Norwich: Caister Academic, 2007.
Kaltenboeck, B. and Wang, C., Adv. Clin. Chem., 2005, vol. 40, pp. 219–259.
Zhang, C. and Xing, D., Nucl. Acids Res., 2007, vol. 35, no. 13, pp. 4223–4237.
Ong, S.-E., Zhang, S., Du, H., and Fu, Y., Front. Biosci., 2008, vol. 13, pp. 2757–2773.
Erill, I., Campoy, S., Rus, J., et al., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2004, vol. 14, pp. 1558–1568.
Gulliksen, A., Solli, L., Karlsen, F., et al., Anal. Chem., 2004, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 9–14.
Matsubara, Y., Kerman, K., Kobayashi, M., et al., Biosens. Bioelectron., 2005, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 1482–1490.
Nagai, H., Murakami, Y., Morita, Y., et al., Anal. Chem., 2001, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 1043–1047.
Zou, Q., Miao, Y., Chen, Y., et al., Sens. Actuators A: Phys., 2002, vol. 102, nos. 1–2, pp. 114–121.
Dahl, A., Sultan, M., Jung, A., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2007, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 307–314.
Morrison, T., Hurley, J., Garcia, J., et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 2006, vol. 34, no. 18, pp. e1–e9.
Slyadnev, M.N., Kazakov, V.A., Lavrova, M.V., et al., Nauch. Priborostr., 2005, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 41–50.
Navolotskii, D.V., Kris’ko, A.V., Arnautov, V.A., et al., Ibid., 2010, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 10–20.
Neuzil, P., Pipper, J., and Hsieh, T.M., Mol. Biosyst., 2006, vol. 2, pp. 292–298.
Neuzil, P., Zhang, C.Y., Pipper, J., et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 2006, vol. 34, no. 11, p. e77.
Nakano, H., Matsuda, K., Yohda, M., et al., Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 1994, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 349–352.
Kopp, M.U., de Mello, A.J., and Manz, A., Science, 1998, vol. 280, no. 5356, pp. 1046–1048.
Schneegass, I., Brautigam, R., and Kohler, J.M., Lab Chip, 2001, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 42–49.
Hashimoto, M., Chen, P.C., Mitchell, M.W., et al., Lab Chip, 2004, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 638–645.
Nakayama, T., Kurosawa, Y., Furui, S., et al., Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2006, vol. 386, no. 5, pp. 1327–1333.
Liu, H-B., Gong, H.-Q., Ramalingam, N., et al., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2007, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 2055–2064.
Gong, H., Ramalingam, N., Chen, L., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2006, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 167–176.
Wang, W., Li, Z.X., Luo, R., J. Micromech. Microeng., 2005, vol. 15, pp. 1369–1377.
Zou, Z.Q., Chen, X., Jin, Q.H., et al., Ibid., 2005, vol. 15, pp. 1476–1481.
Oh, K.W., Park, C., Namkoong, K., et al., Lab Chip, 2005, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 845–850.
Cho, Y.K., Kim, J., Lee, Y., et al., Biosens. Bioelectron., 2006, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 2161–2169.
Prakash, R. and Kaler, K.V.I.S., Microfluid. Nanofluid, 2007, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 177–187.
Legendre, L.A., Bienvenue, J.M., Roper, M.G., et al., Anal. Chem., 2006, vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 1444–1451.
Liu, C.N., Toriello, N.M., and Mathies, R.A., Ibid., 2006, vol. 78, no. 15, pp. 5474–5479.
Lee, J.G., Cheong, K.H., Huh, N., et al., Lab Chip, 2006, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 886–895.
Marcus, J.S., Anderson, W.F., and Quake, S.R., Anal. Chem., 2006, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 956–958.
Guttenberg, Z., Muller, H., Habermuller, H., et al., Lab Chip, 2005, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 308–317.
Easley, C.J., Karlinsey, J.M., and Landers, J.P., Ibid., 2006, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 601–610.
Beer, N.R., Hindson, B.J., Wheeler, E.K., et al., Anal. Chem., 2007, vol. 79, no. 22, pp. 8471–8475.
Huang, F.C., Liao, C.S., and Lee, G.B., Electrophoresis, 2006, vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3297–3305.
Chang, Y.H., Lee, G.B., Huang, F.C., et al., Biomed. Microdev., 2006, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 215–225.
Beer, N. R., Wheeler, E. K., Lee-Houghton, L., et al., Anal. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, no. 6, pp. 1854–1858.
Erickson, D. and Li, D., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2004, vol. 507, pp. 11–26.
Brown, R. B. and Audet, J., J. R. Soc. Interface, 2008, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. S131–S138.
Zhang, Y.H. and Ozdemir, P., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2009, vol. 638, no. 2, pp. 115–125.
Wu, J., Cao, W., Wen, W., et al., Biomicrofluidics, 2009, vol. 3, no. 012005.
Wolfe, K.A., Breadmore, M.C., Ferrance, J.P., et al., Electrophoresis, 2002, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 727–733.
Breadmore, M.C., Wolfe, K.A., Arcibal, I.G., et al., Anal. Chem., 2003, vol. 75, no. 8, pp. 1880–1886.
Paegel, B.M., Yeung, S.H., and Mathies, R.A., Anal. Chem., 2002, vol. 74, no. 19, pp. 5092–5098.
Burns, M., Johnson, B., Brahmasandra, S., et al., Science, 1998, vol. 282, no. 5388, pp. 484–487.
Kaigala, G.V., Hoang, V.N., Stickel, A., et al., Analyst, 2008, vol. 133, no. 3, pp. 331–338.
Lui, C., Cady, N. C., and Batt, C.A., Sensors, 2009, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 3713–3744
Liu, P. and Mathies, R.A., Trends Biotechnol., 2009, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 572–581.
Yang, W. and Woolley, A.T., J. Assoc. Lab. Autom., 2010, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 198–209.
Horsman, K.M., Bienvenue, J.M., Blasier, K.R., and Landers, J.P., J. Forensic Sci., 2007, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 784–799.
Stockton, A.M., Chiesl, T.N., Scherer, J.R., and Mathies, R.A., Anal. Chem., 2009, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 790–796.
Benhabib, M., Chiesl, T.N., Stockton, A.M., et al., Ibid., 2010, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 2574–2579.
Malic, L., Herrmann, M., Hoa, X. D., and Tabrizian, M., Recent Pat. Eng., 2007, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 71–88.
Microfluidics for Biological Applications, Tian, W.-C. and Finehout, E., Eds., New York: Springer Science&Business Media, 2008.
Nilsson, J., Evander, M., Hammarstrom, B., and Laurell, T., Anal. Chim. Acta, 2009, vol. 649, no. 2, pp. 141–157.
Radisic, M., Iyer, R.K., and Murthy, S.K., Int. J. Nanomed., 2006, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3–14.
Vanapalli, S.A., Duits, M.H.G., and Mugele, F., Biomicrofluidics, 2009, vol. 3, no. 1, no. 012006.
Ebner, A., Madl, J., Kienberger, F., et al., Curr. Nanosci., 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 49–56.
Ryu, W.H., Huang, Z., Park, J.S., et al., Lab Chip, 2008, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1460–1467.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.A. Evstrapov, 2011, published in Rossiiskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal, 2011, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 99–110.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Evstrapov, A.A. Microfluidic chips for biological and medical research. Russ J Gen Chem 82, 2132–2145 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S107036321212033X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S107036321212033X